汉译英主语的选定.pptVIP

汉译英主语的选定 1. 译语保持原语主语 2. 以it作先行形式主语 3. 主语为动宾结构短语 4. 主语为偏正结构短语 5. 主语从句 6. 译语改变原语主语 1. 译语保持原语主语 火箭已用于探索宇宙。 Rockets have found application in the exploration of the universe. 试验的结果并不总是可以预料的。 The outcome of a test is not always predictable. 2. 以it作先行形式主语 安装地下电子装置要耗资一千万美元。 It would cost ＄10 million installing the electronic un its in the ground. 试验结果准确与否有很大关系。 It matters very much whether the test results are accurate or not. 3. 主语为动宾结构短语 发明计算机是人类历史上的一大奇迹。 The invention of the computer is a marvel in human history. 操作电机需要了解电机的一些性能情况。 The operation of an electric machine needs some knowledge of its performance. 4. 主语为偏正结构短语 肥沃的土壤有利于作物的生长。 The richness of soil favors the growth of crops. 除了其传染性,该疾病的严重状况最终导致肺结核。 In addition to its contagiousness, the severity of the disease resulted in tuberculosis. 5. 主语从句 除地球外的任何别的行星上是否适合生命存在,是值得怀疑的。 Whether life can exist on any planet other than the earth is very doubtful. 理论必须紧密联系实际是我们应当记住的一条原则。 That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. 6. 译语改变原语主语 我们一直尝试降低能量消耗,但都没有成功。 Attempts have been made to reduce ourenergy consumption, but without success. (谓语译为主语) 墙壁和天花板使用了吸音材料。 Sound absorbing material has been used in wall and ceiling. (宾语译为主语) 迄今为止,消息的编码有三种主要的选择。 Up to now, there have been three main options for encoding a message. (there be句型,强调客观存在) 应当强调指出,激光器并不是一种能源。 It should be emphasized that the laser is in no sense an energy source. (译成it be +过去分词+ that结构) 计算机产业在过去十年里取得了巨大的进展。 The last decade has seen the great advance in computer industry. (时间状语译为主语) 由于人类发现了金属,因此才能制造出更为复杂、有用的器械。 The discovery of metals made possible the construction of more intricate and useful devices. (译文主谓语之间隐含因果关系) 如果活动受限制可能导致血液流动受阻。 A restricted movement may lead to an interruption of blood flow. (条件状语译为主语) 应用现代科学知识,我们能判定这些猜测当中哪些是正确的,哪些是错误的。 Modern science allows us to decide which of these guesses was right and which was wrong. (方式状语译为主语) 要创造新物质,就需要一个超热