基于CCD的微小零件表面缺陷检测.docx

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 摘 要 随着科技的发展使各种高科技产品集成度更高，零件的质量和加工工艺过程的完成质量直接影响着产品的质量和性能。为了保证产品的质量，我们就要对零件及加工工艺过程进行实时地、高效地、准确地进行检测。基于数字图像处理的微小零件自动检测是微小零件表面检测和工序的微小局部质量检测的趋势。 论文首先简单介绍图像处理的发展，以及基于数字图像处理的缺陷检测系统的结构，国内外的研究现状。紧接着论述了数字图像处理的一些基本概念，以及本课题的边缘检测的基本步骤。在各步骤的实现方法中比较Roberts，Sobel，Prewitt，Canny等各种算子的优缺点，并针对本课题适用的轮廓检测算法使用Hough变换进行改进，得到清晰真实的轮廓。另外为了进一步提高获取的图像的清晰度，研究了基于MATLAB的CCD的标定。最后对该图像处理系统的各部分性能加以分析与总结。培养目标：熟练运用VC、MATLAB软件进行编程,掌握图像处理以及OpenCV的知识，同时培养分析和解决问题的能力，为以后的科研夯实基础。 关键词：边缘检测，Canny算子，CCD标定，MATLAB，OpenCV PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II ABSTRACT With the development of science and technology, the quality of parts and the completing quality of machining process?have a direct impact on?product?quality and performance. To ensure?the?quality of the products,?we must detect the?parts and?the?machining process?, efficiently，accurately and in real time. Automatically detecting the tiny?parts based on the?image processing, is the tendency of the detections of tiny parts’ surface and the tiny and partial quality of the process. This?paper?first introduces?the??development of? the image processing ,the structure of defect?detection system which is based?on?digital image processing，as well as?domestic and international?status quo.?Following that some?basic concepts of digital image processing are interpreted, as well as?the basic steps of edge detection in this topic. In the implementation methods of each step, compare the advantages and disadvantages of Roberts, Sobel, Prewitt, Canny and other operators. To get the clear and true contour, I use the Hough transform method. In addition, in order to further improve the clarity of the images obtained, the calibration of the CCD is done. Finally?the?performance of various parts of the image processing system?are?analyzed and summarized.?Training Objectives: using VC and MATLAB?software programming skillfully, mastering the knowledge of image processing and OpenCV and cultivating the analyzing and?problem-solving skills at the same time,?t