国际贸易课后答案.docx

Chapter1 The chapter describes three fallacies of international trade: a. Trade is a zero sum activity b. Imports reduce employment and act as a drag on the economy c. Tariffs and quotas will save jobs and promote a higher level of employment 2. The threat of international terrorism tends to slow the degree of globalization and also make it become costlier. With terrorism, companies must pay more to insure and provide security for overseas staff and property. Heightened border inspections could slow shipments of cargo, forcing companies to stock more inventory. Tighter immigration policies could reduce the liberal inflows of skilled and blue-collar laborers that permitted companies to expand while keeping wages in check. Moreover, a greater preoccupation with political risk has companies greatly narrowing their horizons when making new investments 3. The volume of international trade is governed by factors including the level of domestic economic activity (e.g., prosperity versus recession) and restrictions imposed by countries on their imports. 4. Among the challenges confronting the international trading system are maintaining fair standards for labor and promoting environmental quality. 5. For the United States, growing economic interdependence has resulted in exports and imports increasing as a share of national output. Profits of domestic firms and wages of domestic workers are increasingly being affected by foreign competition. Political and economic events play important roles for the operation of some sectors of the American economy, such as energy and agriculture. 6. International trade benefits most workers, especially those in exporting industries. In addition to providing them jobs and income, it allows them to shop for consumption goods that are cheapest and of the highest quality. However, workers in import-competing industries often feel threatened from competition of cheap foreign labor. 7. Proponents of an open trading system maintain that f