智能充电器设计设阳计专业论文.doc

PAGE 摘 要 随着便携式电子设备的普及和充电电池的广泛应用，充电器的使用也越来越广泛，但其性能却跟不上电池的发展要求，其电路设计存在较大的缺陷。针对目前市售充电器的技术缺陷，本文应市场需求设计了一款智能镍氢电池充电器。本智能充电器具有检测镍氢电池的状态；自动切换电路组态以满足充电电池的充电需要；充电器短路保护功能；以恒压充电方式进入维护充电模式；充电状态显示的功能。本文充分考虑了国内外的设计方案，在设计中针对市场需求，在功能上进行了适当调整，以满足用户对高性价比的需要。功能适用、价格低廉、电路简化是本设计的重点。 关键词：维护充电、充电电池、智能充电 Abstract Along with the prevalence of the portable devices and cells used widely, chargers are implicated in more fields than before. But the performance of the chargers is far too behind the requirement of the developing cells. With the demerit of the available chargers, this paper designs an intelligent Ni-Mn cells charger. The features of the intelligent charger are depicted as follows, detecting the state of the recharge cells, automatically switching the module of the circuit to meet the demand of the cells, short protection for the charger, maintenance charge module with constant voltage and current, state showing. This paper considers designations from home and abroad fully and adjusts a few functions of the circuit to satisfy the user requirement of high performance-price ratio. The focus of this designation in this paper is proper function, low-cost, and simplified circuit. KeyWords: maintenance charge module、 Rechargeable batteries、 intelligent charge 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395614 1 绪 论 PAGEREF _Toc201395614 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395615 1.1 概述 PAGEREF _Toc201395615 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395616 1.1.1 充电器的设计背景 PAGEREF _Toc201395616 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395617 1.1.2 常见充电电池特性及其充电方式 PAGEREF _Toc201395617 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395618 1.1.3 市场需求情况及发展趋势 PAGEREF _Toc201395618 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395620 2 镍氢电池特性 PAGEREF _Toc201395620 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395621 2.1 镍氢电池化学特性 PAGEREF _Toc201395621 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395622 2.2 镍氢电池重要参数 PAGEREF _Toc201395622 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395623 2.3 镍氢\镉电池的充放电特性 PAGEREF _Toc201395623 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201395624 2.4 镍氢电池的充电状态 PAGEREF _Toc201395624 \h 7 HYP