清代西域流人与早期敦煌研究以徐松与西域水道记为中心.pdfVIP

2010 年第5 期 敦煌研究 NO. 5. 2010 （总第123 期） DUNHUANG RESEARCH TOTAL 123 清代西域流人与早期敦煌研究 ——— 以徐松与《西域水道记》为中心 朱玉麒 （北京大学 历史系暨中国古代史研究中心， 北京 100871） 内容摘要：早期的敦煌研究肇始于清代乾隆年间对西域的开发。 从乾隆时期敦煌的地理描述直到载澜在乌鲁木齐向 伯希和展示其敦煌文书，一百五十年间的敦煌研究是近世敦煌学的滥觞期，是“敦煌学前史”。 当清代的流放地增加了西域 的时候，西域流放者中的有识之士开始关注经行之地的敦煌。 嘉庆年间的流放文人徐松是其中值得注意的个案。 徐松对敦 煌的研究体现在其《西域水道记》 中。 在这里，传世史料、 田野调查与碑刻资料的印证是“三重证据法”的典型。 关键词：西域流人；早期敦煌研究；徐松；《西域水道记》 中图分类号： 文献标识码： 文章编号： ￣ （ ） ￣ ￣ G256.1 A 1000 4106 2010 05 0092 07 Exiles to the Western Regions of the Qing Dynasty and the Early-stage of Dunhuang Study: Focusing on XU Song and His Work: Xiyu Shuidaoji ZHU Yuqi （The Department of History Study Ancient Chinese Historg Studies Center of Beijing University, Beijing 100871 ） Abstract: Dunhuang Study are initiated by the Western Regions ’ exploitation during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. At that time, the literati in exile, XU Song was one of them, began to pay attention to Dunhuang, a ’ city they had to go through as trudging to the Western Regions. From the descriptions of Dunhuang s location in Qianlong Era to the time that Dunhuang Manuscripts possessed by Zailan was exhibited to P. Pelliot were last for over 150 years, it could be considered the early period of Dunhuang Study. Dunhuang Study embodied in XU Song work known as Xiyu Shuidaoji (or Waterways of the Western Regions) . By academic study of historical records and archaeological investigation reports and