农村家庭结构变动及类型识别问题-人口研究.PDF

34 2 2010 3 Vol34, No2 M arch 2010 76 Population R esearch 农村家庭结构变动及类型识别问题 土改前私有土地制度下, 核心家庭是最大的家庭类型, 但它并非居于主导地位; 直 系家庭虽居 二位, 其所容纳的人口却处首位; 复合家庭位居 三, 约有 1/ 4 的村民生活在这类家 庭中集体经济制度对家庭结构的影响主要表现为, 父家长失去了对土地等基本生产资料的控制 权, 进而缺少了对已婚儿子分家要求的抑制能力复合家庭渐趋式微乃至消失; 家庭核心化在 20 世纪 60 年代末70年代初即已实现调查村庄劳动力近距离的非农择业活动并未使其中多数人离 开家庭, 农民就业方式的非农转换并未对家庭结构产生大的影响目前 65 岁以上多子父母被轮养 具有一定普遍性轮养父母周期性地依附于某 个子女生活, 与该子女组成 间歇式直系家庭, 在子 女之间则形成轮转式直系家庭将这一类型单列使轮养直系家庭的特殊性得以体现 家庭结构; 家庭核心化; 轮养家庭; 社会变革 王跃生, 中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所研究员北京: 100732 Changing Fam ily tructure and Identification of Fam ily Types in RuralAreas: A Case tudy in EastHebei W ang Yuesheng Abstract: Under the private al nd ownership before the land reform, nuc el arfamily, while itwas the bgi gest family type, wasnt the overwheml ing majority. A lthough taking the second place, linea l fam ily type accommodates the greatest percentage of population. Composite famiyl ranked the third, and about a quarter of village popual tion lived in thsi family type. mI pact of the collectvie economic system on family structure was that the family head was deprvi ed of their control power over land and other basci production means, thus they lost their ability to restrain sons demand forfamily dvi i soi n. Composite Family gradually decreased and finalyl disappeared. uclealization of famiyl was a chei ved in the al te 60s and early 70s of the 20th century. Labors of the investigated village began to engage in non- farming activities, butmost of them ddi nt leave families, and transitoi n to non- ag riculturalempol yment of villagers has not had a major mi pact on famiyl structure. At present, ar rangement of mealand resdi ence rotation of the ed