螺栓拉伸机设计.doc

摘 要 作为现代机械设备实现传动和控制的重要技术手段，液压技术在国民经济各领域得到了广泛的应用。与其他传动控制技术相比，液压技术具有能量密度高、配置灵活方便、调速范围大、工作平稳且快速性好、易于控制并过载保护、易于实现自动化和机电液一体化整合、系统设计制造和使用维护方便等多种显著地技术优势，因而使其成为现代化机械工程的基本技术构成和现代控制工程的基本技术要素。 本文根据螺栓拉伸机的用途、特点和要求，利用液压传动的基本原理，拟定出合理的液压系统图，再经过必要的计算来确定液压系统的参数，然后按照这些参数来选用液压元件的规格和进行系统的结构设计。主要解决的就是系统的超高压密封问题，因此设计了放大倍数为6的双作用增压器，从而实现了将50MPa的压力放大成300MPa的超高压。 关键词：螺栓拉伸；液压系统；超高压力；密封 ABSTRACT As a modern drive and control equipment to achieve the important technical means, the hydraulic technology in the areas of the national economy has been widely used.Compared to other transmission control technology, hydraulic technology has high energy density, configuration flexibility, speed range, smooth and fast, and easy to control and overload protection, easy automation and integration of mechanical and electronic integration, system design and manufacturing and easy maintenance, and other significant technological advantages, which make it the basic technology of modern mechanical engineering and modern control engineering form the basic technical elements.  Based on the bolt drawing machine uses, characteristics and requirements, the use of the basic principles of hydraulic transmission, hydraulic system developed a reasonable map, go through the necessary calculations to determine the parameters of the hydraulic system, and then follow these parameters to the specifications of hydraulic components and the structure of the system design. Mainly to solve the sealing problem is the high pressure system, so the design of the dual-magnification effect of 6 turbocharger, enabling the pressure of 50MPa zoom into the 300MPa high pressure. Key words: Bolt tension; hydraulic system; high pressure; seal 引 言 液压技术发展趋势液压技术是实现现代化传动与控制的关键技术之一，世界各国对液压工业的发展都给予很大重视。液压气动技术具有独特的优点，如:液压技术具有功率重量比大，体积小，频响高，压力、流量可控性好，可柔性传送动力，易实现直线运动等优点；气动传动具有节能、无污染、低成本、安全可靠、结构简单等优点，并易与微电子、电气技术相结合，形成自动控制系统。因此，液压气动技术广泛用于国民经济各部门。但是近年来，液压气动技术面临与机械传动和电气传动的竞争，如：数控机床、中小型塑机已采用电控伺服系统取代或部分取代液压传动。其主要原因是液压技术存在渗漏、维护性差等缺点。为此，必须努力发挥液压