我院抗感染药物致不良反应的帕累托图分析.docxVIP

2018-03-29 10:29:48中国现代医生2018年5期 何程程蒋程 ［摘要］目的分析抗感染药物致不良反应的规律、特点，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法收集 我院2014年7月?2016年12月关于抗感染药物的ADR报告,并进行帕累托图分析。分析引发ADR 的药品分类、累及器官或(和)系统的主要和次要因素。结果共收集抗感染药物ADR病例204例: 男73例(35.78%),女131例(64.22%):老年和儿童是不良反应发生的高发人群；口服制剂21 例(10.29%),注射制剂183例(89.71%)；单独用药185例(90.69%),联合用药49例(9.31%)。 帕累托图分析结果显示：药品不良反应主要涉及头泡菌素类、噬诺酗类、大环内酯类、头霉素类；临 床表现以皮肤及其附件、消化系统、神经系统、局部用药损害为主。结论临床用药应全面考虑药物 不良反应，加强抗感染药物的使用管理，尽量减少药品不良反应发生。 ［关键词］抗感染药物；药品不良反应；帕累托图分析；主要因素；次要因素 ［中图分类号］R96 ［文献标识码］B ［文章编1673-9701 (2018) 05-0114-03 ［Abstract］ Objective To an a lyze the rules and characteristics of adverse reacti ons caused by anti?infective drugs and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods ADR reports on anti?infective drugs in our hospital from July 2014 to December 2016 were collected, and Pareto chart was analyzed. The classification of the drugs triggering ADR, as well as the major and minor factors that affect the organs or (and) systems were analyzed. Results A total of 204 ADR cases induced by anti-infective drugs were collected： 73 males (35.78%) and 131 females (64.22%): the elderly and children were with the high incidenee of adverse reactions； there were 21 cases (10.29%) of oral preparation and 183 cases (89.71%) of injection preparation. 185 cases (90.69%) took medicine alone and 19 cases (9.31%) took medicine together. Pareto chart analysis showed that： Adverse drug reactions were mainly related to cephalosporins, quinolones, macrolides, cephamycins； clinical manifestations were mainly related to the skin and its annexes, digestive system, nervous system, and topical damage. Conclusion Clinical medication should take full account of adverse drug reactions, strengthen the use and management of anti-infective drugs, and minimize the occurrenee of adverse drug reactions. ［Key words］ Anti-infective drugs； Drug adverse reactions； Pareto chart analysis： Main factors； Minor factors 抗感染藥物是临床上重要的治疗药物之一，随着其詁种的增多且临床的广泛应用，不良反应的 发生率呈逐步上升趋势。通过开展ADR监测，定期分析ADR发生的因素，从而尽量避免ADR的发 生口］。帕累托图分析法