冷热循环处理对6005A铝合金焊接接头显微组织.pdf

第 25 卷第 8 期 中国有色金属学报 2015 年 8 月 Volume 25 Number 8 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals August 2015 文章编号：1004-0609(2015)08-2066-09 冷热循环处理对6005A 铝合金焊接接头 显微组织和力学性能的影响 季 凯，张 静 (江苏科技大学(张家港校区) 冶金与材料学院，张家港 215600) 摘 要：采用蔡氏显微镜(OM)、拉伸力学性能测试、超声残余应力测试、透射电镜(TEM)、X 射线衍射(XRD) 以 及差热分析实验(DSC)研究深冷前后车用 6005A 合金焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能，揭示制约严寒地区铝合金 车体材料规模化使用的技术问题。结果表明：3 次冷热循环深冷处理能促使焊接热影响区晶内的沉淀相均匀析出 与弥散分布，其强化相平均尺寸由 200 nm 减小至 50 nm 。同时，焊缝区域粗大柱状晶低温“碎化”为超细等轴晶 粒，产生大量的位错缠结，提升合金抗拉强度至 234 MPa ；加之冷热循环深冷处理可有效消除因焊接热输入而产 生的大量残余应力，无相变深冷工艺能提高 6005A 铝合金焊接材料的结构稳定性。 关键词：6005A 铝合金；冷热循环处理；显微组织；拉伸性能；残余应力 中图分类号：TG401 文献标志码：A Effect of cooling-thermal cycling treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of welded joint of 6005A Al alloy JI Kai, ZHANG Jing (School of Metallurgy and Materials, Zhangjiagang Campus, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhangjiagang 215600, China) Abstract: The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of welded joint of 6005A Al alloy for vehicle were studied by metallographic microscope, tensile test, residual stress measurement by ultrasonic method, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning colourimeter, and some technical problems of the scale of application in aluminum alloys for car bodies were revealed. The results show the precipitated phase of welding heat affected zone can be dispersively distributed by three times cooling-thermal cycling treatment, and the average sizes of