Oral Contraceptive Use and Ovarian Cancer英文电子资料.pdfVIP

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology Program Office Case Studies in Applied Epidemiology No. 811-703 Oral Contraceptive Use and Ovarian Cancer Students Guide Learning Objectives After completing this case study, the participant should be able to: G Outline the sequence of an epidemiologic analysis; G Discuss the biases of particular concern in case-control studies and ways to minimize their influence; G Describe why and when to use crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, and how to interpret them; and G Define and recognize effect modification and confounding. This case study was developed by Richard Dicker and Peter Layde in 1981. Current version updated by Richard Dicker with input from the EIS Summer Course instructors. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service CDC-EIS 2003: OCs and Ovarian Cancer (811-703) - Student’s Guide page 2 PART I In 1980, ovarian cancer ranked as the fourth development of ovarian cancer. Because by leading cause of cancer mortality among women 1980 OCs had been used by more than 40 in the United States. An estimated 18,000 new million women in the United States, the public cases and more than 11,000 attributable deaths health impact of an association in either direction occurred among American women that year. could be substantial. Several studies had noted an increased risk of To study the rel