2008—2016年陕西杨凌示范区医院小儿下呼吸道感染肺炎链球菌耐.PDFVIP

·1292 · 现代药物与临床 Drugs Clinic 第 31 卷 第 8 期 2016 年 8 月 2008—2016 年陕西省杨凌示范区医院小儿下呼吸道感染肺炎链球菌耐药性 分析 * 张 峰，周智曌 ，袁 雪，晁群生 杨凌示范区医院 新生儿科，陕西 咸阳 712100 摘 要：目的 分析陕西省杨凌示范区医院小儿下呼吸道感染肺炎链球菌的耐药性。方法 选取 2008 年 1 月—2016 年 1 月 陕西省杨凌示范区医院下呼吸道肺炎链球菌感染患儿 300 例，对肺炎链球菌感染的患儿年龄分布、耐药性及多重耐药性进行 回顾性分析。结果 下呼吸道肺炎链球菌感染患儿的年龄集中于 20 d～1 岁，构成比为 52.0% 。肺炎链球菌对克林霉素的耐 药率高达 97.0%，其次为阿奇霉素（93.0% ）、红霉素（91.0% ），对甲氧苄啶、四环素、奎奴普丁、头孢呋辛的耐药率均高于 50.0% 。肺炎链球菌对头孢曲松、阿莫西林、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、利奈唑胺和万古霉素的耐药率均低于5.0% 。300 例下 呼吸道肺炎链球菌中仅有 21 例对上述抗菌药物均敏感，对 4 种及以上抗菌药物耐药的占 57.0% 。抗菌药物的使用原因中， 预防性使用例数最少，占 3.00%，针对性使用和经验性使用分别为 173、118 例，构成比分别为 57.67%、39.33% 。结论 临 床医生根据药敏试验结果进行抗菌药物的选择，在保证治疗效果的同时避免抗生素的过度使用。 关键词：下呼吸道感染；肺炎链球菌；抗菌药物；耐药性 中图分类号：R978.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674 - 5515(2016)08 - 1292 - 04 DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.1674-5515.2016.08.040 Analysis on drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing paediatric lower respiratory tract infection in Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital in Shaanxi Province during 2008 — 2016 ZHANG Feng, ZHOU Zhi-zhao, YUAN Xue, CHAO Qun-sheng Department of Neonatology, Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Xianyang 712100, China Abstract: Objective To analyze the drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing paediatric lower respiratory tract infection in Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital in Shaanxi Province. Methods Children (300cases) infected by S. pneumoniae causing lower respiratory tract infection were selected in Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital in Shaanxi Province from January 2008 to January 2016. Age distribution of children, drug resistance, and multiple drug resistance were analyzed retrospectively. Results Children infected by S. pneumoniae causing lower respiratory tract infection were focused on the patients who were 20 d — 1 year old, and the constituent ratio was 52.0%. The resistance rate of S. pneumoni