接触性DNA检验现状与展望V6.DOC

【法宝引证码】 CLI.A.1216823? 原文链接： HYPERLINK /qikan/96d708b2beece42cdca239c2e5f8bcd7bdfb.html \t _blank /qikan/96d708b2beece42cdca239c2e5f8bcd7bdfb.html 接触性DNA检验现状与展望  期刊名称： HYPERLINK /journal/articlebyclass?ClassCodeKey=110, \t _blank 《中国司法鉴定》 期刊年份： HYPERLINK /journal/findarticle?FilterItems.JournalYear=2016 \t _blank 2016 摘要： 随着犯罪嫌疑人的反侦查意识及能力加强，接触性检材在现场提取检材中所占的比重越来越大，现场接触性DNA在案件侦破中发挥的作用也日渐明显。由于人在接触物体后，会在物体表面留下相应的微量接触性DNA，对这类接触性检材的检验分析是目前法医物证检验工作的热点和难点。对接触性检材的现场发现、前期处理及DNA的提取方法、扩增方法、电泳以及结果分析等方面对其检验研究进展综述。希望能够为侦查实战工作在接触类检材的现场发现，提取以及成功检测分型方面提供方法和思路。展望：首先，关于接触性检材的分类按接触物体表面质地分更为合理，因为潜在DNA转移的发生，与物体表面质地及样本的湿度密切相关，而且检材的表面质地很大程度上影响实验者提取方法的选择；其次，现勘人员应该及时出现场并且能结合案情科学地提取、包装并运送检材；再次，我们在处理接触类检材必须做到检验时突出重点部位、选择合适的检验策略与方案；最后，根据接触性检材的检测结果下鉴定意见时应十分谨慎。 英文摘要： With the increasing counter-investigation awareness and capacity of criminals, touch DNA has larger proportion in the samples collected at crime scenes, and is gradually playing a more obvious role in solving cases. People leave trace DNA on the surface when they touch an object.The touch DNA testing is the focus and difficulty of forensic biology research. The authors review the studies of touch DNA in the following aspects: the discovery and dispose of contact samples on the scene, the method for DNA extraction and amplification, electrophoresis, and analysis methods. Moreover, the authors rasies their own opinions: First, it is more reasonable to classify the touch DNA by the surface texture of the objects, not only because the transfer of potential DNA is closely related to the material quality and the humidity of samples, but also because the material quality greatly affects the choice of extraction methods. Secondly, the investigators should arrive at the crime scene in time, and collect, pack and submit the samples scientifically under specific conditions. Thirdly, the analysts must know the key parts in examination, and choose appropriate analyzing methods. Lastly, the conclusions drawn from the testing result of touc