基于OpenGL与粒子系统的喷泉模拟-机械制造及其自动化专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 自然景物模拟一直是计算机图形学领域非常具有研究价值和挑战性的课题， 其中利用粒子系统进行自然景物动态模拟是其研究热点之一。自然景物动态模拟 的关键，一是提高图形的绘制效率，二是增强动态模拟的真实感。 本文在研究分析国内外基于粒子系统实现自然景物动态模拟方法的基础上， 针对喷泉水流模拟，提出了一种能提高其动态模拟实时性和真实感的改进方法。 首先，基于粒子系统理论，运用物体动力学原理构建出喷泉粒子的运动系统模型。 然后采用 OpenGL 中的“直线元”作为粒子系统的基本粒子体元，它相对圆球、 立方体、矩形等离散型的粒子体元，在粒子数量规模较大时，粒子处理速度快， 时间耗量小，且运动轨迹接近水流实际，有水珠聚束的视觉效果，提高了喷泉模 拟的实时性和真实感。为避免在三维场景中部分粒子不可见的现象，采用呈“⊿” 型的线段组合实现水珠的模拟。论文还提出利用伪粒子黏度方法，使多个粒子“黏 合”形成不同大小的水珠，并结合 OpenGL 中的融合技术，较好地表现了喷泉断 断续续的柱体形状，使得喷泉水流模拟的真实感得到进一步增强。最后，论文运 用 VC++6.0 开发工具和 OpenGL 开发了喷泉水流演示系统，利用提出的改进方法 实现了喷泉水流的动态模拟。实验结果表明，该方法有效地提高了喷泉水流动态 模拟的实时性和真实感，并对其它自然景物模拟有一定的借鉴作用。 关键词：粒子系统 计算机图形学 喷泉流水 伪粒子黏度 Abstract Simulation of natural scenery is an interesting and challenging problem in Computer Graphics area, and the use of particle system for simulation dynamic natural scenery is one of its hot research topics. The key to realize the dynamic simulation of natural scenery is to improve the graphics rendering efficiency of particle system and to enhance the realism of dynamic simulation. The paper focus studies on the dynamic simulation of fountain flow. The paper presents a new algorithm for simulating fountain flow based on a careful analysis and study on the previous related work at home and abroad. The method can improve the real-time and reality of simulation fountain flow. Firstly, fountain particle motion model was constructed by physics dynamics. Secondly, this paper chose OpenGL short line as the basic particle voxel, which has better effect than those discrete particle units as the ball, cube and rectangular ones. With this method, higher particle processing speed and smaller time consumption is obtained when particle number and scale is huge, the trajectory is also closer to the actual flow and bead bunching visual effect is revealed. In order to overcome the phenomenon that parts of the particle is not visible in the three-dimensional scene,⊿ line combination drawing unit is adopted to simulate the sweat. Thirdly, the way of fake particle viscosity and t