NETWORK THEORY网络理论 小团体.pdfVIP

Katz et al. / NETWORK THEORYSMALL GROUP RESEARCH / June 200410.1177/1046496404264941 NETWORK THEORY AND SMALL GROUPS NANCY KATZ Harvard University DAVID LAZER Harvard University HOLLY ARROW University of Oregon NOSHIR CONTRACTOR University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign This article describes the network approach to small groups. First, the core constructs that compose social network research are explained. The primary theories that provide the intel- lectual underpinning of the network approach are described, including theories of self-inter- est, theories of social exchange or dependency, theories of mutual or collective interest, cog- nitive theories, and theories of homophily. Highlights of the empirical work examining the internal and external networks of small groups is summarized. Finally, the primary chal- lenges researchers face when applying the network perspective to small groups, and the pri- mary benefits that can accrue to researchers who adopt that perspective, are enumerated. Keywords: groups; teams; networks;