基于机器视觉的螺纹识别系统-光电信息工程专业论文.docxVIP

基于机器视觉的螺纹识别系统 基于机器视觉的螺纹识别系统 摘 要 机器视觉技术是一门新兴的检测识别技术，由于相关理论技术的发展和实 际生产的需求，它发展迅速，并在国民经济和国防建设等诸多领域中有着越来 越广阔的应用前景。 本文针对传统螺纹检测技术工序长、效率低、难以在线的缺点建立一套以 机器视觉识别技术为核心的视觉传感和图像处理系统，能实现非接触式自动检 测，提高生产效率，满足现代工业生产高效率的实际需求。该系统主要是利用 CCD摄像机来采集螺纹图像，通过数字图像处理技术和模式识别技术对螺纹的 重要几何参数进行自动识读。 本文系统介绍了图像处理和模式识别的重要理论，并针对螺纹轮廓的特点 进行算法设计。首先通过采集实验，对所得到的螺纹原始图像进行了数字预处 理，包括噪声滤波、边缘锐化、阈值变换等步骤；其次对感兴趣的局部图像进 行图像分割，包括边缘检测、轮廓提取、细化等处理；然后针对螺纹倾斜的情 况，提取螺纹角点坐标并拟合成直线，根据拟合直线斜率，将螺纹旋转水平放 置；根据螺纹轮廓的特点和螺纹参数定义提取螺纹的牙型角和牙型半角，求出 螺纹的大径、小径、螺距、中径等重要参数；最后对螺纹类型参数进行识别。 关键词：机器视觉；边缘检测；特征提取；模式识别 Recognition Recognition based on ABSTRACT Machine vision technology is a new technique of detection and recognition·It develops rapidly because of the development of all the relevant technology theory and the needs of actual production．And it has become increasingly broad prospects of the appli cation in the national economy and national defense construction and many other areas． This article introduces the establishment of a set of visual sensing and image processing system based on the machine vision recognition technology as the core· The traditional detection technology of thread has some disadvantages like long processes，low efficiency and hard—line．It can achieve non-contact automatic detection and improve production efficiency to meet the actual demand of high emciency of modem industrial production．The system uses the CCD camera to capture thread images，and it can automatically read the important geometrical parameters of thread by pattern recognition and digital image processing technology． This paper systematically describes the important theory of image processing and pattel11_recognition，and designs algorithms according to the characteristics of the thread contour．By collecting experiments，the original images of thread are obtained to be digital pre—processed，such as noise filtering，edge sharpening， threshold transforming．Secondly,the images need image segmentation of the partial images，including edge detection，contour extraction，r