解几类抛物型方程的谱方法-计算数学专业论文.docxVIP

解几类抛物型方程的谱方法 解几类抛物型方程的谱方法 摘要 本文包括如下三部分的工作． 第一部分建立了变系数抛物方程的Legendre_G甜erkin方法。采用Laplace修 正的方法对时问层进行离散，建立了向后Euler和Crank-Nicolson两种格式；对 于非线性项采用配点法，这样可以节约计算量。通过适当地选取基函数，可以使 离散方程组的系数矩阵稀疏且可分解为两个三对角阵的子系统，最后给出近似解 的最优日1范数敛速估计。 第二部分用Legendre—Galerkin Chebyshev配点法建立了广义正则化长波方程 的半离散和C—N全离散两种格式．此逼近格式在整体上按Legendre-Galerkin形 成，但对非线性项用在Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto点上的配置方法处理，结合了 Legendre方法稳定性好和Chebyshev方法计算方便的优点．通过选取同上一部分 相同的基函数，构造了类似的系数矩阵，采用相同的矩阵分解算法来简化代数方 程组，从而提高了计算效率，最后得到近似解的最优日1范数敛速估计。 第三部分研究广义Burgers方程线性化隐式Fourier拟谱方法，用Crank— Nicolson隐式方法对时间进行离散，对于非线性项用泰勒展开进行线性化处理， 采用FFT可达到快速计算的目的，由于在每一层需解一个大型代数方程组，我 们采用迭代法可避免这种情况发生，提高了计算效率，最后得到了近似解的L2一 模的误差估计。 关键词：广义正则化长波方程，广义Burgers方程，Legendre—Galerkin Cheby— shev配点法，拟谱方法． Spectral Spectral Method For A Class of Parabolic Equations Abstract The contents of this dissertation are divided into three chapters． In chapter one，the Legendre-Galerkin method for the variable coefficient parabolic equation is devised．The Laplace modified method is used in time step and the backward Euler scheme and Crank-Nicolson scheme are developed，By applying the collocation method for the nonlinear term，the computation time is greatly saved．By choosing appropriate basic functions，the coefficient matrix of the discrete system can be not only sparse but also decomposed to two tridiagonal subsystems．At last，the optimal order in H1 norm is derived for the error in the approximation solution． In chapter two，the Legendre。Galerkin Chebyshev collocation method for the regu- larized tong wave equation is used and the semi-discrete and Crank-Nieolson full discrete method are derived．For the discretization in space，the scheme is basically formulated in the Legendre spectral method hut the nonlineax term is computed by the Chebyshev coHocation method at the Chebyshev—Gauss—Lobatto points．By choosing the sⅢnle base functions 8s the previous chapter，the similar coefficient matrix is obtained．At last． the optimal order in H1 norm is derived for the error in the approximation solutio