动词不定式课件汇总.ppt

不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或者是在它之后发生 1) To see is to believe. 2) He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had left. 2.不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，如： I’m glad to have seen your mother. (eg. I’m glad to see you. ) 1．构成复合谓语，如： 1) He is said to have written a new book about workers. = (It is said that he has written a new book about workers.) 常用完成式的结构 2) The enemy was reported to have surrendered.= (It was reported that the enemy had surrendered.) Sb be said/ reported to have done sth 据说、据报道某人已经做了某事 3） He seemed to have known the truth. 不定式的进行式：主语谓语所表示的动作（或情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行 如果主要谓语所表示的动作（或情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行，这时，不定式就要用进行式。 八、不定式的进行式主要有下列几种用法 1．构成复合谓语，如： They are said to be building another bridge across the river. They seem to be getting along quite well. I happened to be going that way too. 2．在某些动词后构成复合宾语，如： We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here. 3．在某些动词后作宾语，如： He pretended to be listening attentively. 4．有时可以作主语或状语，如： I am glad to be working with you. (状语) It’s nice of you to be thinking of us. (主语) 九、如果不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行，就需要用完成进行式，如： They are said to have been collecting folk songs in Yunnan. She wished to have been training as hard as the others. It’s a great pleasure to have been working with you. 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式。 ???十、 不定式的被动形式有下列用法 1．作主语： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2．作宾语： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 3．构成复合宾语： He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn’t like herself to be praised like that. 4．构成复合谓语： The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 5．作定语： Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office? 6．作状语： She was too young to be assigned such work. 十一、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如： It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语） She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)） He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语） Th