金厂峪金矿难采矿体采矿过程中的顶板稳定性研究-采矿工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 要 项板不稳定的缓倾斜薄、中厚矿体为典型的难采矿体。这类矿体在金属矿中占 有一定比例，采矿方法结构参数的确定和顶板稳定性控制比较困难。本文以金厂峪 金矿为例，对难采矿体采矿过程中的顶板稳定性进行了分析研究。 本文根据金厂峪金矿顶板不稳定的缓倾斜薄、中厚难采矿体的具体赋存条件， 综合运用采矿工程、岩体力学、计算机模拟、现场测试等理论和方法，提出了按房 柱采矿法进行，分两层逆向、顺向推进留问柱的新型采矿方法：第一层以切割上山 为自由面．将矿房底部逆向全部拉开，第二层以挑顶爆破方式顺向采完。采用块体 理论分析顶板的稳定性，设计矿房跨度、矿柱的位置及尺寸等，用超声波测试仪探 测岩石顶板松动圈以及断层的位置及产状。运用FLAC(拉格朗同元)法对实验采 场顶板的稳定性进行数值模拟，根据模拟结果对原方案进行修正、调整。在开采过 程中，采用声发射仪监测T页板稳定性状态，监测生产爆破前后采场田岩的声发射规 律，及时预报顶板的稳定性情况，为采场安全回采提供了有力的保障。实践证明， 本论文提出的方案耿得了满意的效果，最终安全、高效地回采了试验矿块，取得了 很好地经济效益和社会效益，试验矿块回采率为92．83％，贫化率9 26％，采准系数 25．36％。这些指标大大优于金厂峪金矿以前用其它方法回采类似条件矿体的指标， 也优于全国类似条件矿体开采的平均指标。 本成果对类似条件的难采矿体有较好的参考价值，经济效益较好。 图【20】表【15]参【60】 关键词：难采矿体：采矿方法；顶板稳定性；数值模拟 分类号：(1--2)TD：853 河北理工=人学硕士学位论文Abstract 河北理工=人学硕士学位论文 Abstract This dissertation analyses the mining method and roof stability of hard．．to．-mine ore body．Mining of gently inclined thin and medium thick ore body with unstable roof is regarded as typical hard-to-mine ore body．This kind of ore body has occupation ration in metallic mineral，especially，the ratio of this kind of ore body is rather large in gold ore and other nonferrous metal and it has great value of reclaim However，this kind of ore body is extracted with common mining method difficultly and the roofcontrol iS also difficult． This dissertation puts forward new mining method which is disparted from converse and forward according to room and pillar on the basis of research in response to concrete condition of thin and medium thick ore body with unstable roof in Jinchangyu gold mine， and it utilizes the theory and method of mining engineering、rock mechanics、computer simulation、on-the—spot measllrement etc．The upward incise is used as free face in the first layer and the bottom of room is pulled conversely．The second layer is extracted by means ofripping blasting forwardly．It analyses roof stability by block theory and designs room span、site and inch of pillar etc．Moreover，the zone of roof,site and attitude of fracture are detected by ultrasonic testing instrument．I