金属悬垂特征结构件激光选区熔化成形工艺研究-机械制造及其自动化专业论文.docxVIP

硕士学位论文 硕士学位论文 金属悬垂特征结构件激光选区熔化成形工艺研究 摘 要 激光选区熔化(Selective Laser Melting，SLM)技术作为一种最有发展前景和优势的 增材制造技术，能够基于三维模型快速而精确地制造任意复杂形状的零件，解决了传统 加工技术难以实现的复杂零件成形问题，为实现三维零件的自由制造提供了有力支撑。 然而，SLM成形特征结构件仍面临着巨大挑战，针对悬垂特征结构，存在悬垂面粗糙、 尺寸精度低等诸多缺陷，有待进一步深入研究。 本文在查阅和学习大量文献的基础上，分析了悬垂特征结构件SLM成形过程中的 缺陷类型。在此基础上，以Ti6A14V为实验材料，研究工艺参数对悬垂试件成形质量的 影响，给出工艺优化措麓，并进一步探讨了支撑结构的添加方式、悬垂特征结构类型， 最后通过典型特征零件的成形试验验证了工艺优化结果的有效性，具体研究工作如下： (1)分析了基于SLM工艺加工的金属结构件的常见缺陷及其产生机理，研究了倾斜 角度、扫描策略、支撑结构等多种因素对成形质量的影响，从熔池角度验证了工艺参数 与成形质量之间的相互作用关系。 f2)为改善悬垂面的成形质量，提出了基于“轮廓重熔”工艺的扫描策略优化方法， 通过调整切层轮廓的扫描方式降低了悬垂区域的表面粗糙度，改变轮廓输入能量密度提 高了悬垂面的尺寸精度。 (3)研究了支撑结构工艺与成形质量的关系，从支撑结构的作用、存在缺陷和设计 方式等方面阐述了复杂零件SLM成形过程中的支撑设计原则。 (4)基于悬垂质量工艺优化及支撑结构设计研究，以内流道、薄壁曲面等典型金属 特征结构件为试验对象，分析了SLM整体成形过程中的关键问题。 关键词：SLM，悬垂特征结构，Ti6A14V，成形质量，熔池行为，支撑结构 万方数据 AbstractSelective Abstract Selective laser melting，as one of the most promising and advantages technology in the additive manufacturing，which can be used to produce any complicated shapes quickly and accurately by 3D model．Realizing the free manufacture and solving many complicated parts which are difficult to manufacture．However,there are still great challenges in the forming feature structure of SLM technology,especially the overhanging feature structure，defects such as rough surface，low dimensional precision etc．Which needs further-esearch． On the basis of consulting and studying a large number of literature，this paper makes a deep research on some defects in the SLM forming process of the overhanging feature structure．Taking Ti6A14V as the experimental material，the influence of main DrOcess parameters on the forming quality of the overhanging pans was analyzed，and the corresponding process optimization measures were studied．The adding mode of the support structure and the type of the structure were discussed in detail．Finally,the effectiveness of the process optimization results was verified by the typical feature parts．The specific research work are as follows： (1)The common defects and their forming mechanism of metal st