外文翻译墨累河船闸设计.docx

4500汉字，2900单词，1?4万英文字符 The lock design of River Murray River Murray Navigation The weirs and locks were originally constructed on the River Murray in the 1920s and 1930s to provide year-round navigation for commercial cargo and passenger paddle steamers. They were generally built too late to be of benefit to the river trade, as the development of railways and the growth of motorized road haulage had overtaken river transport. Today there are 13 navigation locks on River Murray weirs and two locks on the barrages at the Murray mouth. They are maintained and operated for the Murray-Darling Basin Commission by the New South Wales, Victorian and South Australian Constructing Authoritiesto serve an increasing number of houseboats, tourist cruise boats and other recreational craft. The locks and weirs on the River Murray make an enormous contribution to the tourist industry in South Australia and Sunraysia. The River Murray is permanently navigable from the Bairages to the top of the Mildura Weir pool, near Nangiloc, a distance of 970 kilometres from the mouth. The River Murray was permanently navigable in its natural state to Blanchetown in South Australia. Eleven weirs with locks, each raising the water level behind it by an average of 3.1 metres, create a continuous series of stepped pools from Blanchetown to Mildura. The River Murray upstream of Nangiloc, at the top of the Mildura weir pool, is only navigable during periods of high flow. Passing Through a Lock For a boat to pass downstream through the lock, the water inside the chamber must be at the same level as the top weir pool, to allow the gates to open. The top gates are opened by hydraulic powered arms to allow the boat to enter. The gates are closed behind the boat and the water in the lock chamber is released by opening large hydraulically operated butterfly valves just above lock gates. The butterfly valves are only slightly smaller than an average house door. Water flows from the lock chamber, via tunnels