人教版本高unit导读单.docVIP

Unit 4 Earthquake Name _______ Date _________ Score __________ 导读生成单 【重点词汇】 1 ruin n．毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；(不可数名词)废墟；遗迹(常用复数vt．vi．(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产 归纳拓展：fall into ruin崩塌 come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃 lie in ruins成为废墟 ruin one’s hopes使某人希望破灭ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin one’s health毁坏某人的健康 ①那城堡已崩塌.The castle_______________． ②那次地震过后，全城到处是废墟.An earthquake left the whole town ___________． 辨析活用 damage/destroy/ruin/spoil 这三个词都有“损坏，破坏”之意，具体区别如下： (1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量.有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”. (2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物. (3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以. On hearing the news，all my hopes were destroyed.一听到这个消息，我所有的希望都破灭了. (4)spoil有“损坏，搞糟”之意，指不仅造成价值、精力、兴致等方面的影响，还意味着可能造成某种毁灭或彻底破坏；也可作“宠坏”解. 练习： (1) The building was completely by the fire. (2) My car was badly _______in the accident and it is being repaired in the garage. (3) He wanted to become a university student, but his father’s death _ his hope. （4）I do hate to ________ your fun，but I’ve got something urgent to tell you. A. ruined B. destroyed C. damagedD spoiled 2 shockvt．vi．(使)震动，震惊；(使)受电击n．打击；震惊；震动[C]令人震惊的人或事 People were shocked.(回归课本P26) Be shocked to do sth. ①1 was _______ to see him alone．我很吃惊地发现他独自一人. ②If you touch this live wire，you’11 get a ____．如果触摸这条带电的电线，你就会遭到电击. 归纳拓展：Shocked感到震惊的，震撼的shocking adj．令人震惊的 with/from shock由于震惊a shocking accident令人吃惊的事 be shocked at对……感到吃惊be shocked to do深感意外地去做 特别提示 (1)shocked/surprised/amazed等的主语多为人，而shocking/surprising/amazing等的主语多为物.这两种形式的形容词辨析常在高考题中出现.以下用shocking，shocked填空： All of the people present felt ____ at the ____ news. A. shocked; shocking B. shocking; shocked C. shocking; shocking D. shocked; shocked (2)当表示具体的令人震惊的人或事的时候，shock是可数名词，这一点常和冠词一起考查.如：The news of his mother’s death was a terrible shock to him． 翻译：___________________________________________________ 3 Trap vt．(trapped，trapped)使陷入困境；设陷阱捕n．陷阱；困境；捕捉(动物的)夹子 ②The thieves were caught