Myofascial Trigger Points Then and Now A Historical and Scientific英文文献资料.pdfVIP

PM R 7 (2015) 746-761 Narrative Review Myofascial Trigger Points Then and Now: A Historical and Scientific Perspective Jay P. Shah, MD, Nikki Thaker, BS, Juliana Heimur, BA, Jacqueline V. Aredo, BS, Siddhartha Sikdar, PhD, Lynn Gerber, MD Abstract The intent of this article is to discuss the evolving role of the myofascial trigger point (MTrP) in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) from both a historical and scientific perspective. MTrPs are hard, discrete, palpable nodules in a taut band of skeletal muscle that may be spontaneously painful (i.e., active) or painful only on compression (i.e., latent). MPS is a term used to describe a pain condition that can be acute or, more commonly, chronic and involves the muscle and its surrounding connective tissue (e.g. fascia). According to Travell and Simons, MTrPs are central to the syndromedbut are they necessary? Although the clinical study of muscle pain and MTrPs has proliferated over the past two centuries, the scientific literature often seems disjointed and confusing. Unfortunately, much of the terminology, theories, concepts, and diagnostic criteria are inconsistent, incomplete, or controversial. To address these deficiencies, investigators have recently applied clinical, imaging (of skeletal muscle and brain), and biochemical analyses to systematically and objectively study the MTrP and its role in MPS. Data suggest that the soft tissue milieu around the MTrP, neurogenic inflammation, sensitization, and limbic system dysfunction may all play a role in the initi- ation, amplification, and perpetuation of MPS. The authors chronicle the advances that h