热传导方程4dvi.PDF

1.3. . ( P16, 2.1) C∞ (IR) 0 (1) Æ (2) ∀ϕ ∈ C∞ (IR), ∃M , |x| M , ϕ(x) = 0. 0 ϕ ϕ 1.3. (C∞ (IR) ) 0 ϕ(x), ϕ (x) ∈ C∞ (IR), n = 1, 2 n 0  (1) ∃M 0, st |x| M , ϕ(x) = 0, ϕ (x) = 0, n = 1, 2 n (2) lim max |ϕ(k) − ϕ(k) | = 0, k = 0, 1, 2 n n→∞ [−M,M] {ϕ } C∞ (IR) ϕ. n 0 C∞ (IR) , D (IR), 0 D (IR) ℄. 1.4. f : D (IR) → IR , f . f : ϕ −→ f, ϕ Remark: : f, aϕ + b = af, ϕ + bf, :  ϕ −→ ϕ in D (IR) f, ϕ → f, ϕ (n → ∞). n n ′ D (IR). 1. δ δ(x), ϕ(x) = ϕ(0), ∀ ∈ D (IR). δ D (IR) : (1) : δ, aϕ + b = aϕ(0) + b (0), aδ, ϕ + bδ, = aϕ(0) + b (0). (2) : {ϕ }, ϕ ∈ D(IR), ϕ → ϕ in D (IR), n n δ, ϕ = ϕ (0) −→ ϕ(0) = δ, ϕ n n 1 2. f (x) ∈ Lloc (IR), ∀a, b ∈ IR, b |f (x)|dx +∞ (f (x) = 1). a f, ϕ = +∞ f (x)ϕ(x)dx, ∀ ∈ D (IR). −∞ f() : (1) (2) : ϕn −→ ϕ in D (IR), +∞ |f, ϕ − f, ϕ| = f (x)(ϕ (x) − ϕ(x))dx n n −∞