职称英语基础练习5.docVIP

大题 1: 词汇选项 ,在每道题的句子里都有一个加底线的词或短语， 请在四个选项中找出与加底线的词或短语意义最相近的一项。 1.? Philip Roth was hailed as a major author in 1960. A. ?published B. ?challenged C. ?acclaimed D. ?guided 正确的答案是: C 答案解释:hail和acclain意思相近，表示“向……欢呼”，“将……拥戴为”。又如：He was acclaimed as Britain’s greatest modem painter．他被赞誉为英国最伟大的现代画家。challenge：挑战。challenge his theory：向他的理论挑战。publish：出版。guide：指导。  2.? He was one of the principal organizers of the association.  A. ?planners B. ?employees C. ?actors D. ?recipients 正确的答案是: A 答案解释:principal orgainzer：主要组织者。planner：组织者，策划者。employee：雇员。actor：演员。recipient：接受者。如：She is a welfare recipient．她是接受福利救济的人。  3.? It is postulated that population increase has strong effect on economic fluctuations. A. ?challenged B. ?assumed C. ?deducted D. ?decreed 正确的答案是: B 答案解释:postulate：假定。与assume (设想；假定)意思相近。I assume you don’t drive．Mr．Jones?琼斯先生，我想你不会开车吧? challenge：挑战。His authority was challenged．他的权威性受到了挑战 deduct：减去。Tax will be deducted automatically from your wages．税会自动从你工资中扣除。decree：颁布(法令、政令)。The minister decreed that there would be a full investigation over this matter．部长下令，将对此进行全面调查。  4.? This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction, because so many are being killed for their fur. A. ?drying up B. ?dying out C. ?being exported D. ?being transplanted 正确的答案是: B 答案解释:extinction：灭绝，绝迹。与die out(绝种)意思相近。The giant panda is in danger of dying out．大熊猫面临绝种的危险。dry up：擦干。Let me wash up these plates and you dry them up．我来洗盘子，你来把它们擦干。export：出口。Many bicycles are exported each year. 每年都有许多自行车出口到国外。transplant：移植，迁移。Many vegetables were trartsplanted to the north，growing in the greenhouse．许多种蔬菜移植到了北方，在温室里生长。  5.? The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were. A. ?slow B. ?noisy C. ?sudden D. ?jumpy 正确的答案是: C 答案解释:abrupt : 突然的。Following an abrupt change of the topic，we started to complain about the quality of food.话题突然一转，我们开始抱怨饭菜的质量。sudden与abrupt的意思近似：突然的。slow：慢。noisy：吵人的。jumpy：跳动的；神经过敏的。 She seemed very jump recently . 她最近情绪很不稳定