动词时态与语态修改.docVIP

动词时态和语态 考点一 一般现在时与现在进行时 一般现在时: 构成：主语+ 动词原形或第三人称单数形 被动语态：主语+ am/is/are +过去分词 (1)一般现在时强调经常性、习惯性的动作或永久性的状态。 —I called you last night，but nobody answered. —Oh，I usually switch off my cell phone by 8：00 p．m.. (2)可表示客观真理、科学事实。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (3)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，从句中常用一般现在时。 Will you help me to look for an important file I left in my office this morning immediately you arrive? (4)表示按计划、时刻表规定要发生的动作，但限于少数动词。如begin，come，leave，go，arrive，start，stop，return，open，close等。 The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday. (5) 在here, there引导的倒装句中，常用一般现在时代替现在进行时 Here comes the train！=The train is coming！ There goes the bell！=The bell is ringing. 现在进行时: 构成：主语+ am/is/are + 动词的现在分词 被动语态：主语 + am/is/are +being +过去分词 (1)现在进行时表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作； Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much. (2) 表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时的一个动作 How are you getting on with your work? (3)表近期特定的安排或计划常用于go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, meet, play等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时。 I am leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. (4)与always，often，constantly，frequently，forever等副词和现在进行时连用，表达说话人的某种感情，即“赞扬”或“厌恶”等，可译为“老是、总是”。 Tom is always coming late for meetings. (2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)If we_____ now to protect the environment，we’ll live to regret it. A．hadn’t acted B．haven’t acted C．don’t act D．won’t act (2013·高考湖南卷)Around two o’clock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us. A．bothers B．had bothered C．would bother D．bothered (2012·高考新课标全国卷)“Life is like walking in the snow”， Granny used to say, “because every step________．” A．has shown B．is showing C．shows D．showed (2013·高考天津卷)The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ________ one of the main pipes. A．had repaired B．have repaired C．repaired D．are repairing 考点二 现在完成时和一般过去时 I现在完成时: 构成：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词 被动语态：主语+ have/has +been +过去分词 主要强调“过去”和“现在”的关系，须注意下面几点： (1)过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，句中常有already, just, never, ever, since, lately, recently, ,