IntroductiontoBiologicalScience生物科技概论ByChungW.ppt

Introduction to Biological Science 生物科技概論 By: Chung W.Wu,M.S.,R.Ph Ext:---5213 Ancient Biological Science 1. Food Preparation Beer,Cheese 2. Fermentation Microbial Food--------------Perfume 3. Alcohol Fermentation Distillation Alcohol Concentration 1st World War Germany Glucose---------Glycerol British Sugar---------------------Acetone+Butanol Clostridium acetobutylicum Carbon Dioxide Hydrogen Gas:Explosive 2nd World War 1940 Fleming Penicillium notatum Penicillin: Broad Spectrum Antibiotic 2mg/l Penicillium chrysogenum UV,X-Ray—Mutation 20mg/l Streptomyces griseus Stretomycin Genetic Engineering DNA Recombination Recombinant Deoxyribonucleic Acid Chemical Composition 1. Phosphate 2. Pentose 3. Nitrogenous Base Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine Principles of DNA Recombinant DNA Section can’t Replicate by itself. 1. Cloning Vector 具有複製起始能力之載體 2. Plasmid 能獨立複製之環狀DNA分子 3. Restriction Endonuclease (DNase) Recognition Site 4. Sticky Ends Expression of Cloned Genes 1. Transcription 2. Translation 3. Post-Translation The Molecular Basis of Heredity: DNA RNA Nuclear Components DNA→Transcription→RNA →Translation→Amino Acids →Polypeptide→Proteins RNA:Single Strand Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine mRNA t RNA r RNA DNA Transcription 1. Duplex DNA Seperation→ 2 Single DNA Strands Exposing the Nitrogenous Base Sequences Only One of the 2 DNA Strands, Which Serves as A Template,or Pattern(Gene), for the Synthesis of RNA. 2.Complementary TTT TCT AAACGT AAAAGATTT GCA mRNAUUUUCUAAACGU 4x4x4=64 64 Possible 3-Letter Words Translation Protein Synthesis 20 Words in the Form of 20 Common A.A. Each Triplet Codes for an Amino Acids Ribosome: Synthesis of Protein Cellular Organelle that Serves as the Meeting Place for mRNA and tRNA that carry A.A. to Form Peptide UUUUCUAAACGU Phe--Ser--Lys—Arg What i