2019年第十一章控制.pptVIP

第十一章 控 制 本章内容 第一节 控制目标与类型 控制工作的3个步骤 鉴定偏差并采取矫正措施 找出产生偏差的主要原因 确定矫正措施实施的对象 选择适当的矫正措施 有效控制的原则 确定可接受的偏差范围 When managers attempt to mold individuals by guiding their learning in graduated steps, they are shaping behavior. Managers shape behavior by systematically reinforcing each successive step that moves an employee closer to the desired response. Methods of Shaping Behavior. Behavior can be shaped in four ways: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Following a response with something pleasant is called positive reinforcement. Following a response by the