英语人教版八年级下册Ive had this bike....docVIP

Section A 3 (Grammar focus – 4c) 学习目标： ★ 知识目标 掌握现在完成时的用法 ★ 能力目标 正确运用for 和since的用法 ★ 情感目标 正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。 ★ 学习过程 Step 1 复习现在完成时的构成及用法 Step 2复习现在完成时的两种用法 出示下面的典型例句，让学生们先自己观察句子结构，对比现在完成时和一般过去时的不同。 1. — How long have you had that bike over there? — I’ve had it for three years. 2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. Have you ever played football? Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now. Step 3 精讲点拨现在完成时的第三种用法 出示下面的典型例句，让学生们先自己观察句子结构，对比现在完成时和一般过去时的不同。 1. — How long have you had that bike over there? — I’ve had it for three years. 2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. Have you ever played football? Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now 表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。 e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years. = My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. I’ve lived here since 1990． I haven’t seen him for three years. She’s been at this school since five years ago. 歌诀：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带 句中动词的特点 此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外） 1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) I’ve had the book for five years. ( ) 2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( ) 非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换 1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow — keep buy — have put on — wear catch a cold — have a cold get to know — know get to sleep — sleep 2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start — be on go out — be out close — be closed open — be open get to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be dead leave — be away finish — be over fall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of become