免疫药理学课件.pptVIP

Immunopharmacology;Definition:;Normal Immune Responses;;Abnormal Immune Responses;Immune Regulation;2.抗原之间的竞争性抑制;(二）抗体与免疫反应的调节;（三）免疫细胞与免疫反应的调节;2．Th1细胞和Th2细胞的调节;一此疾病的发生和发展往往与Th1细胞和Th2细胞的 功能失调有关。;克罗恩病、IDDM、 实验性过敏性脑脊髓炎、 自身免疫性甲状腺炎和 多发性硬化症；;是指在免疫治疗中用于刺激、增强或抑制机体免疫反应和免疫功能的药物，在恶性肿瘤、自身免疫病、免疫缺陷、器官移植和慢性感染性疾病的治疗中具有重要意义。;细胞因子的调节作用;二、介导和调节特异性免疫反应;三、刺激造血细胞的生成和分化;四、细胞因子类免疫调节剂;Drugs affcting immune responses;Immunosuppressive Drugs;Purpose of Immunosuppressive Drugs;Major Classes of Immunosuppressant Drugs;;Cyclosporin (CsA)环孢素，环孢菌素;Pharmacological Effects:;※～ + cyclophilin → complex → + calcineurin → (-) dephosphorylation of NFAT → gene transcription ↓ → IL- 2,3,4↓, TNF-α↓, IFN-γ↓; Clinical Uses ; Adverse Effects and Cautions Nephrotoxicity Transient liver dysfunction secondary infection: viral infection Lymphoma and other cancers (Kaposi’s sarcoma, skin cancer);Tacrolimus (FK506)（他克莫司）;liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, and bone marrow transplant.;Sirolimus (Rapamune)( 西罗莫司，雷帕霉素）;Inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) mTOR is a protein kinase that plays pivotal role in IL-2 receptor responses IL-2 binds to its receptor on T cells and leads to mTOR activation mTOR initiates cascade of events (including cyclin dependent kinases) that promote T lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation Inhibition of mTOR blocks IL-2 dependent cell-cycle progression at G1→S phase transition;Consequences of TOR Action;Properties of TOR Inhibitorssuch as Sirolimus (Rapamune);Sirolimus (Rapamune);Sirolimus (Rapamune);Adrenocortical Hormones;Corticosteroid Immunosuppression; organ transplantation autoimmune disorders. ;Adverse reaction;Antimetabolite (抗代谢药);Renal allograft Treatment of autoimmune disorders: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, et al. ;Alkylating(烷化) agent;Organ transplants, Autoimmune disorders.;Antilymphocyte Globulin (ALG);Mycophenolate Mofetil(RS-61443)霉酚酸酯;Kidney and liver transplant, et al.;Leflunomide(来氟米特); Clinical Uses ;Immunostimulants;I