对外汉语教材多义名词义项统计状况-国家语言资源监测与研究.DOC

对外汉语教材多义名词义项分析 摘 要 PAGE IV PAGE III 摘 要 语言中多义词的存在增加了词义理解的难度，而名词又是汉语中极为重要的词类范畴，因此考察对外汉语教材中多义名词的使用情况对于第二语言学习者来说尤为重要。以往对多义名词的研究多是从本体研究着眼，很少可以从教材对其进行反观。而教材又是词汇学习的桥梁，因此本文立足于对外汉语教材，对多义名词的使用情况、分布情况和复现情况进行描写，以便了解对外汉语教材中多义名词在义项使用上是否存在一定的系统性或层级性。由此可以进一步考察对外汉语教材中多义词教学的可行性和科学性。 本研究是以对外汉语教材中多义名词作为研究对象，在建立对外汉语教材多义名词语料库的基础上，结合现代汉语多义词研究理论、认知心理学、语言教学理论，运用数据库技术，定量分析，对比分析和数学归纳的方法，对对外汉语教材中的多义名词进行考察。从多义名词的选用和分布情况着眼，在此基础上考察义项的种数，频次，出现文本数。发现多义词虽然义项数较多，但却是高频集中在少数义项上，而且高频义项的出现文本数多但不分散的特点。而且各个义项在教材中出现的顺序不能体现义项引申的发展趋势，只是根据课文的需要“随文释义”，义项在教材中的使用无规律可循。这就提醒我们要进一步加强词汇本体研究，特别是学习性词典在编纂义项时的处理方法；加强对外汉语词汇大纲的研制力度，将其深入到义项层面；优化教材的释义方法和原则，采用最佳方式对多义词进行释义。 关键词：对外汉语教材；多义名词；义项 ABSTRACT In language, polysemy increases the difficulty of words to understand. But noun is the extremely important part of Chinese language. So studying the use of the polysemy for the second language learners is particularly important. In the past research, polysemous terms focused on the ontology research. Few materials can be carried out from the other hand. And TCFL textbooks is the bridge of vocabulary learning ,so this paper based on the Chinese as a foreign language teaching materials, describing the use of Polysemous terms, distribution and replicable situation. So that we can know that the use of the polysemous terms in the sense if there is a certain level of systemic. It can be further study in teaching Chinese as a foreign language teaching polysemy scientific feasible. This study is based on teaching Chinese as foreign language polysemous nouns in the subjects. On the basis of the polysemous noun corpus about teaching Chinese as a foreign language which is established, we combine the modern Chinese studies Polysemy theory, cognitive psychology, language teaching theory, the use of database technology, quantitative analysis, comparative analysis and mathematical inductive method, in order to study the TCFL textbooks. The study focuses on the selection and distribution about the Polysemous terms. Based on this study just