非谓语动词专题讲解.docVIP

非谓语：（不能单独做谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。） 不定式与动名词做主语 动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般习惯的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。 例句： Reading English is really a great fun.这里不强调看一次，看两次……表示的是一般性的行为 To read english this morning will take most of my time.这里用不定式表示一次具体的行为 2.形式主语it 的运用: 1).不定式做主语,谓语用单数。往往用it做形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。 例句：To finish the job took us two hours. It took us two hours to finish the job. （注：在不定式做主语的被动语态句子中，必须用形式主语it.） 例句:it was decided to go for a picnic tomorrow. 2).It is+adj.of/for sb.to do sth.当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词构成系表结构时，用of,否则用for. 例句： It’s very nice of you to help us.此时，不定时的逻辑主语是you，adj.是nice,二者构成系表结构，即可以说you are nice.此时应该用of It’s impossible for us to defeat the boss.此时就不能说 we are impossible.因此应该用 for 3).用动名词做主语的句型：It is/was no good(use, useless, fun)+doing sth. It’s worth while doing 例句： It’s no use cry over spilt milk.覆水难收 (it 用法远不止这几个后面会有补充) 3.成分对称：主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，应保持形式上一致。 例句： To see is to believe. Seeing is believing.眼见为实 4.There be no +ving 例句： There is no parking around here. No smoking,please. 练习题 It is hard_________ his mind.(to change ) It is fun__________ with a foreign man.(talking) There is no ________what will happen.(telling) I like_________ this novel this morning.(to read) 二：做表语 1.不定式做表语表具体个别的动作或有将来的含义。 例句：My wish is to become a famous writer. 2、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征,表主动（interesting, amusing, disappointing, puzzling, exciting等）；进行时表示正在进行的动作。 例句： i am teaching the child to swim when you passed by. The story is amusing. (令人....的) 3. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的被动状态或完成某动作的状态。 例句： The shop is closed.表状态 The door was closed by the wind.表被动 4. 注意如下动词的现在分词与过去分词用法不同：其实这些都是使役动词。 interest，surprise，frighten，excite，tire，please，puzzle，satisfy，amuse，disappoint，inspire，worry. The book is interesting. The news is surprising. The story is fritenting. He is fritented. After hearing the exciting news, he gave a speech in an excited voice. 练习题 The probl