轨道车辆抗蛇形振动磁流变减振器分析-仪器科学与技术专业论文.docxVIP

重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要 重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要 IV IV and circuit design of MR shock absorber were completed, the structural parameters of MR shock absorber were determined. The radial flow model was described, The rheology equations and the computation formula of damping force of radial flow model are derived from hydrodynamics theory, based on Newton fluid model or generalized Bingham fluid model according to Navier-Stokes fluid dynamics equations. The magnetic field of damping control valve was analyzed, the relationship between shear yield stress and excitation current of MR fluid was obtained, calculated the damping force, gave out the radial velocity distribution of different location and radial velocity distribution of different current. In order to evaluate the control features of MR shock absorber; the force-displacement; force-velocity and durability characteristics of the MR shock absorber were tested in the J95-I type oil pressure absorber test bed, comparing theoretical damping force and experimental damping force, analysis the main reasons for the errors. Finally, the paper is summarized; the special features and the problems that MR technology in railway vehicle applications require further research are outlined . Keywords: Anti-yaw vibration, Magneto-rheological fluid, Shock absorber, Radial flow model. 重庆大学硕士学位论文1 重庆大学硕士学位论文 1 绪 论 PAGE PAGE 10 1 绪 论 1.1 课题研究背景和意义 为了保证轨道车辆在线路上平稳、安全地运行，必须在其走行部即转向架上 装用具有良好性能的弹簧悬挂减振装置。这种装置通常由两部分组成：一是弹簧 元件，它起缓冲来自轮轨的动力的作用，如采用橡胶弹簧、螺旋弹簧或空气弹簧； 二是减振器，它起耗散车辆悬挂系统振动能量的作用，如液压减振器。轨道车辆 的车轮与钢轨之间是钢对钢的接触，轨道的不平顺和车轮表面的不规则都将直接 经车轮传到悬挂系统上去，从而引起轨道车辆各部分的高频和低频振动，如果这 种振动不通过减振器来减弱，则会降低机械部件的机构强度和使用寿命以及恶化 运行品质，这对轨道车辆的安全性、舒适性和经济性都是不利的。 现代液压减振器广泛地应用于轨道车辆上。减振器工作时，活塞在钢筒中往 复移动，油液在缸中流动时经阻尼阀而产生减振阻力，同时减振器将系统的振动 能量转化为油液的热量最终耗散于空气中。轨道车辆上的液压减振器有以下几种 类型： (1) 轴箱减振器：该型减振器装用于一系悬挂，以减小轴箱与转向架构架之间 的垂向振动，特别是衰减构架相对于轮对的点头振动。如果这种振动不加以控制， 就可能导致严重的轮对增减载，增大车轮脱轨的危险性，并且安装于构架上的各 种部件如基础制动装置和电气设备产生过度的振动与磨损，产生有害的影响。 (2) 二系垂向减振器：该型减振器用于控制转向架构架与车体之间的垂向运 动，即点头振动与浮沉振动。垂向减振阻力对车体的垂向平稳性