滚动推移质运动的统计规律-水力学及河流动力学专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACT Rules of gravel bedload transport is one of the basic problems of sediment transport mechanics and river dynamics, a good knowledge of which is of great significance to the safety of the water conservancy projects and the development and utilization of mountainous rivers. Generally, the bed particles may perform rolling, sliding or saltating motions depending on flow and bed conditions. In low flow intensity range, rolling is the main form of movement; even the saltation particles which account for the majority of bedload usually need to roll some distance before leaps. Therefore, it is necessary to carry some research into rolling sediment particles. On the basis of analyzing the forces of a single rolling particle, this article built a mechanical model which divided a single-step movement into two parts, i.e. touching movement and free movement. This model put into the concept of relative exposure degree to reflect the impact of the position of the rolling particle on its movement. Firstly the incipient motion was analyzed, during which the fluctuation of flow velocity and the randomness of relative exposure degree of the rolling particles were considered. By theoretical derivation the formula of the incipient velocity associated with incipient probability was obtained and checked. Then expressions for the rate and distance of a single-step movement were obtained by methods of numerical calculation and regression analysis. Finally by modifying the erosion probability of particles and the dimensionless step length used in Einsteins bedload function the transport rate formula was derived and validated. The validation showed that the transport rate formula of this paper fitted well with the measured data for the bedload motion in low intensity range and could be applied to a broader range of water intensity than Han’s bedload formula for the low transport rate. KEY WORDS: Coarse particles, Transport rate, Rolling bedload，Uniform sediment 目录 HYPERLINK