光纤式反应器催化降解土霉素的研究-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 四环素类抗生素在禽畜养殖业和人体健康中起到了积极的作用，但是未被完全 吸收的抗生素及其代谢物通过尿液、粪便等被排出体外，通过迁移转化最终进入环 境水体中。随着人们对抗生素问题越来越关注，通过探讨抗生素在环境中的降解途 径以减小环境中抗生素的方法，已经成为现阶段环境领域一个重要研究方向。常规 的水处理工艺一般不能有效地去除抗生素，因此，本研究将对难降解有机物具有突 出处理效果的光催化降解技术应用于抗生素降解研究。 本研究选取土霉素作为研究对象，采用氙灯作为光催化降解的光源，利用塑料 光纤传输氙灯光对土霉素进行降解。研究了不同条件下土霉素水解、光降解和光催 化降解反应的影响因素，并运用液相色谱-质谱对土霉素原溶液和降解后的样品溶液 进行了分析，结果表明：温度对土霉素转化影响很大，随着温度的升高，土霉素的 转化率不断提高；随着 pH 的增大，土霉素的转化率得到显著提高；光催化降解反应 比光降解反应和水解反应更有利于土霉素的转化。催化剂投加量对光催化反应的影 响比较大，随着催化剂投加量的增加，土霉素的转化率呈现增高的趋势。随着土霉 素初始质量浓度的增加，土霉素转化率先上升后下降再上升。在实验研究的 Ca2+浓 度范围内，Ca2+（≥1.0 mmol/L）对反应有促进作用，Ca2+（≤1.0 mmol/L）对反应有 抑制作用。最后，通过质谱分析测定了土霉素光催化降解的五类主要产物，并据此 推测了其可能的五条转化途径。 关键词：土霉素 水解 光降解 光催化降解 光纤反应器 II II Abstract Tetracyclines play a positive role in livestock farms and human therapy. Due to the depressed absorption of antibiotics by human and animals, unabsorbed antibiotics excreted from the body via urine or feces enter into the aqueous environment through migration transformation. For the biotoxics of antibiotics to the ecosystem, increasing attention has been paid to elucidate the degradation pathway of it and thereby developing some processes to eliminate it from the environment. However，the traditional technologies are inefficient to remove the antibiotics as it exhibites high stability in the wastewater, thereby we here adopted photocatalytic oxidation which has significant advantiges in the treatment of stable organic compounds to degrade the antibiotics. In this thesis, the reaction of degradation of oxytetracycline were investigated under hydrolysis，photolysis and photocatalytic degradation by using plastic optical ?ber which transmiting xenon light as light source. Oxytetracycline samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results indicated that: Oxytetracycline decreased constantly from 0 to 7 day with the increasing temperature from 10 ± 1 to 35 ±1 ℃. Oxytetracycline also decreased with the increasing pH from 3.0 to 10.5. The effect