磺酰脲除草剂在土壤中的环境行为研究进展应用生态学报.PDF

应 用 生 态 学 报 　2002 年 9 月 　第 13 卷 　第 9 期 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 CHIN ESE J OU RNAL OF A PPL IED ECOL O GY ,Sept . 2002 ,13 (9) ∶1187～1190 磺酰脲除草剂在土壤中的环境行为研究进展 ( 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 ,南京 2 10008) 郎印海 　蒋 　新 　赵其国　和文祥 　 【摘要】　概述了磺酰脲除草剂在土壤中的吸附与解吸附 , 降解与残留、迁移以及抑制土壤酶活性等环境行 为 ,探讨了土壤 p H 值 、不同土壤类型 、土壤水分含量及有机质等对环境行为过程的影响 ,引用分布活性模型 来解释除草剂的解吸滞后现象 ,并对磺酰脲除草剂在土壤中的生物降解和非生物降解机理进行了探讨 ,并从 生态毒性 ,吸附作用力以及降解模型方面对今后的研究进行了展望. 关键词 　磺酰脲除草剂 　吸附与解吸 　降解 　迁移 　土壤 文章编号 　100 1 - 9332 (2002) 09 - 1187 - 04 　中图分类号 　S4819 　文献标识码 　A Advances in researches of environmental behavior of sulf onylurea herbicides in soil . LAN G Yinhai ,J IAN G Xin , ( ) ZHAO Qiguo ,HE Wenxiang I ns tit ute of S oil S cience , Chinese A cademy of S ciences , N anj ing 2 10008 . Chin . J . A pp l . Ecol . ,2002 ,13 (9) :1187～1190 . In t his article ,t he environmental behavior of sulfonylurea herbicides in soil ,which included absorption and desorp tion ,degradation , resistance , mobility , and inhibition on soil enzyme activity , was reviewed , and t he influences of some soil factors ,such as p H , soil t yp e ,water content ,and organic matter on t heir environmental behavior were also discussed . Distributed Reactivity Model for Sorption was used to explain t he hysteretic behavior of sulfonylurea in soil ,and t he biotic and abiotic degradation mechanisms were summarized . Some prosp ect s on t heir ecological toxici ty ,adsorption strengt h ,and degradation model were also discussed . Key words 　Sulfonylurea herbicides , Absorption and desorption , Degradation , Mobility , Soil .