光控计数电路设计与制作.doc

摘 要 摘 要 现今人们在生活、学习和工作中，经常需要对某种物品进行数量统计。而在学校的教学中，也时常要对教室或实验室里的人数进行统计，以便了解需要准备的教学仪器或是参考资料的数目。常规的机械计数和人工计数不仅麻烦，而且极为浪费时间和资源。随着社会的快速发展，人们无论是物品的检测还是计数或者其他方面都越来越要求自动化完成，人们日渐需求一种自动计数的装置。在学习了脉冲数字电路的基础上，设计一种利用光线的通断来统计数目的光控计数器。其主要系统组成为：电源、系统复位部分、信号采集部分、计数译码部分和显示部分，通过信号采集实现光电的转换，由时钟振荡电路控制，达到自动计数的功能。此产品简单方便，非常易于用于实际生活中,有教高的实用价值。 本作品电路主要采用常用分立元件和 NE555集成电路，结构简单可靠，能够提供准确的统计值，成本低廉，实用性强，二次开发性高。 关键词： 脉冲数字电路 光电转换 时钟振荡电路 光控计数器 NE555集成电路 Abstract Abstract Nowadays people in life, study and work, often need to some objects in quantity statistics. And in the school teaching, also often to the classroom or laboratory in the number of statistics to the understanding of the need to prepare for the teaching instrument or the reference material number. The conventional mechanical count and artificial count not only trouble, and it is extremely waste of time and resources. With the rapid development of society, people whether the test items or count or other things are more and more requirements automation complete, people increasingly needs a kind of automatic counting device. In learning the pulse digital circuit, and on the basis of design using a light hige to officially purpose electric counter. The main system composition for: power supply, system reset part, signal acquisition part, counting decode part and display section, through the signal acquisition realize the transformation of the photoelectric, the clock oscillating circuit control to achieve the function of automatic counting. This product is simple and convenient, very easy to real life, there are taught high practical value. This work mainly by the circuit commonly used division components and NE555 integrated circuit, the structure is simple, reliable and can provide the accurate statistics value, low cost, practical strong, secondary development high. Keywords: pulse digital circuit photoelectric clock oscillating circuit electric counter NE555 integrated circuit PAGE 2 目 录 PAGE 1 目