中药萃取液之抑菌性探讨.DOC

中藥萃取液之抑菌性探討 Studies on Antibacterial Activity of Chinese Medicine 研究生：張靜華 Ching-Hwa Chang 指導教授：謝寶全 Pao-Chuan Hsieh 【摘要】 本研究係針對藥用植物，以水、50 %乙醇及乙酸乙酯等進行萃取，取得含抑菌成分之萃取液，利用洋菜擴散法分析70種中藥萃取液之抑菌活性，結果以五味子、前胡及黃芩等對實驗中13株試驗菌株具有較佳的抑菌活性，進一步探討三種中藥萃取液在各種pH、溫度、金屬離子及常用化學添加物，對其抑菌活性之影響，結果發現，中藥萃取液受到pH值改變而顯著降低其抑菌活性；對加熱處理及在酸性條件下，其抑菌活性不受影響，添加金屬離子對中藥萃取液會產生不同的抑菌活性，五味子、前胡及黃芩中藥萃取物對革蘭氏陽性菌(例如：李斯特菌)之抑菌活性大於革蘭氏陰性菌(例如：Escherichia coli)。於液體培養基中，添加0.5%之五味子、前胡、黃芩等萃取液及己二烯酸鉀對金黃色葡萄球菌之抑制率分別為：100、13.1、100及50 %。添加0.1 %幾丁聚糖於五味子、前胡及黃芩萃取液，可提高其抑菌活性，且五味子、前胡及黃芩萃取液具有協同作用。添加0.5 %之五味子、前胡及黃芩萃取液，於4℃的香腸及熱狗中，貯存15天，其生菌數皆低於控制組，其中以五味子萃取液其抑菌活性較日售天然保存劑佳。以膠體濾層析進行初步純化後，其抑菌活性皆高於原萃取液，初步測其抗菌成分之分子量為五味子1,200 Da，前胡1,100 Da及黃芩1,600 Da。 關鍵字：洋菜擴散法 五味子 前胡 黃芩 抑菌活性 【Abstract】 The purpose of this research was to examine the antibacterial activities of 70 Chinese medicines. Chinese medicines were prepared by extracting the ingredient with distilled water, ethanol (50%) and ethyl acetate. The antibacterial tests were carried out by agar diffusion method. Results revealed that the extracts of Schisandra chinensin Baill., Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. had stronger and more extensive antibacterial activities on 13 microbial strains. The effects of pH, temperature, metal ions and chemical additives on antibacterial activities of Schisandra chinensin Baill., Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. were tested. The antibacterial activities decreased obviously with increased pH. However, the other kinds of extracts showed better effects either in acid or heat treatment conditions. Adding metal ions in the Schisandra chinensin Baill., Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. extracts showed different antibacterial activities. The 3 different of extracts inhibited Gram- positive bacteria (such as Listeria monocytogenes) better than Gram-negative bacteria (such as Escherichia coli). Addition of 0.5% Schisandra chinensin Baill., Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. and Sc