陇中干旱区草粮兼顾型生态农业模式构建.docxVIP

陇中干旱区草粮兼顾型生态农业模式构 建 师尚礼 曹文侠 尹国丽 蒲小鹏 鱼小军 王琦 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实 验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持 续发展研究中心 摘要： 陇中黄土高原丘陵区具有旱灾频繁、地形破碎、水土流失严重等特点，是我国主 要的生态脆弱区。在国家生态文明建设的时代背景下，如何实现生态保护前提下 的绿色经济发展之路，这不仅是技术革命，更是理念变革。分析了陇中干旱农业 系统面临的传统粮草牧轮作方式多样性遗弃、农业生态环境持续变差、年轻农业 劳动力外流等问题，提出将传统农耕文明与现代科技文明有机融合，深度挖掘 区域自然禀赋，探索了人与自然和谐的草粮兼顾型生态农业的发展理念、基本思 路和发展模式:1）坚持环境生态化、农产品商品化、农村文化现代化的系统性理 念;2）奉行让餐桌指挥农田，农田为餐桌服务，企业带动农民合作社，使生产、 加工和销售融合发展的理念;3）在农业土地经营中，坚持生态保护与生态建设 优先，FH园综合经营管理，通过粮改饲和旱作农业技术革新，实现杂粮与牧草 轮作种植，建立粮、草、林、畜、禽协同发展的农作制度，保障社会对农产品多 元化和食品安全;4）依托乡土食材消费需求拉动，加工企业与农民合作社联营， 农产甜标准化订单种植生产，市场信息反馈，促进农业要素的重组耦合，实现 农产品的增值提效;5）培训扶持懂技术、会管理的能人，牵头领办农民合作社， 组织土地流转，设计田间牛产。 关键词： 生态农业;草粮兼顾;产业模式;陇中地区; 作者简介：师尚礼（1962-）,男，甘肃会宁人，博士，教授。研究方向为牧草 种质资源与育种、栽培。E-mail: shishl@gsau. edu. cn 收稿日期:2017-09-01 基金：国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-35） Construetion of eco-agriculture model based on integrated development of forage and crop in Longzhong semi-arid regions SHI Shang-li CAO Wen-xia YIN Guo-li PU Xiao-peng YU Xiao-jun WANG Qi College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/Sino-U?S?Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability; Abstract： Longzhong semi-arid regions are typical ecological fragile zone of China, and are characterized by the hilly and mountdinous topography with serious drought, fragile landscape, and water loss and soil erosion. Under the background of the national ecological civilization policy, implementing the gree n economic development is not only the t ech no logical revolution, but also wasconccpt irmovation.An cco-agriculturc model was constructcd and explored in this paper, based on human living harmony with nature. The model was inherited Chinese traditional farming civilization, and was incorporated modernized civil ization and regional natural endowments. The diversity farming system of crop and forage rotation was abeindoned, and agricultural environment condition was becoming dctcriorati