affectingbloodandblood-formingorgans（作用于血液和造.pptVIP

Alteplase(阿替普酶) (Tissue plasminogen activator t-PA, 组织型纤溶酶原激活剂) 1. Effect: Local action on the thrombotic fibrin (血栓纤维蛋白) to produce fibrinolysis; iv. t1/2=3～8 min, effect 1～3 hr. A potentially important agent in treating thromboembolic disease. 2. ADR: bleeding. Fibrinolytic drugs Urokinase(尿激酶, UK)? 1. Effect: Plasminogen activator, t1/2=15 min; 2. Clinical use: Severe pulmonary emboli, and deep vein thrombosis. 3. Adverse reaction: (1)systemic fibrinolytic state, (2)bleeding. Fibrinolytic drugs Streptokinase(链激酶, SK) 1. Pharmacological effect: plasminogen(纤溶酶原) activator, t1/2 = 23 min; 2. Clinical Use: Severe pulmonary emboli, and deep vein thrombosis 3. Adverse reaction: Systemic fibrinolytic state which can lead to bleeding problems(5%); Antigenicity——allergy. Fibrinolytic drugs Anistreplase(阿尼普酶) It is a streptokinase-plasminogen complex, in which lys-plasminogen is acylated at its catalyicsite serine. The acyl group is hydrolyzed in vivo, allowing the complex to bind to fibrin prior to activation, and this modification confers some specificity toward clots on the fibrinolytic process. It is used coronary thrombolysis also. Fibrinolytic drugs Adverse effects The thrombolytic agents do not distinguish between the fibrin of an unwanted thrombus and the fibrin of a beneficial hemostatic plug. Hemorrhage is a major side effect. Antidotes: fibrinolytic inhibitors (PAMBA氨甲苯酸, AMCHA氨甲环酸) Part 4. Hemostatic drugs (Haemostats, 促凝血药, 止血药) Vitamin K 1. Carboxylation of the glutamic acid residues of II, VII, IX, X, protein C. 2. To prevent bleeding with vitamin K deficiency. 3. Response to vitamin K is slow, the severe hemostasis patients should be infused with fresh plasma imme-diately. Thrombin-like agents (凝血酶制剂) Thrombin(凝血酶, factor Ⅱ) Prothrombin complex(凝血酶原复合物, factor Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ) used for various bleeding. Globulin anti-hemop