计量学基础课程课件1.pptVIP

Standard is important for quality control, which directly related to interchangeability and assembly lines. Categories of Metrology Categories of Metrology Categories of Metrology 中国古代计量史 1. 形成时期 秦始皇统一度量衡 2. 体系形成 王莽时期, 刘歆(xin)理论完备 3. 发展和落后 计量在中国 1986年以前：“行政计量” 1986年－：“法制计量” 1987年－：产品质量检验机构的“计量认证” 1998年－：引入“实验室认可”机制 目前：计量认证/审查认可、实验室认可并行 原则 适用 考核标准 实验室 考核内容 计量认证 依法 中国 专用 “强制” /自愿 仪器、环境、人员、管理制度，等 实验室认可 互认 国际 ISO/IEC 17025 思考 中国为什么没有形成计量学? 中国为什么没有科学? 主讲人:邓华夏 计量学基础 计量学基础 计量学: Metrology 计量学基础: Fundamental of Metrology 课程: 30% 平时成绩, 70% 考试成绩 An Introduction to Metrology Basic Concepts of Metrology A Quickstart of Metrology 去年卷面成绩 总成绩 项目 =90 80-89 70-79 60-69 30-59 30 总计 人数 9 33 47 27 60 6 182 百分比 4.95% 18.13% 25.82% 14.84% 32.97% 3.3% 100% 学科内容 计量学 Metrology (from Ancient Greek metron (measure)and logos (study of)) is the science of measurement. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement. Measurement?is the assignment of numbers to objects or events. 测量:以确定量值为目的的一组操作。 计量学 基准 单位制 溯源性 测量原理 测量方法 测量程序 测量仪器 标准物质 计量 测量 人员 校准 检定 计量学：关于测量的科学 科 学 技 术 质量与检验 标准与标准化 本质上就是计量 Metrology Covers Three Main Tasks: The definition of internationally accepted units of measurement The realization of units of measurement by scientific method Establishment of traceability chain in documenting the accuracy of a measurement “Metrology is essential in scientific research” From Measurement to Metrology 计量学分类 Scientific or fundamental metrology: concerns the establishment of quantity systems, unit systems, units of measurement, the development of new measurement methods, realization of measurement standards and the transfer of traceability from these standards to users in society. Applied or industrial metrology concerns the application of measurement science to manufacturing and other processes and their use in society, ensuring the suitability of measurement instruments, their calib