广义外势中相对论费米系统的热力学性质-物理学专业论文.docxVIP

Thermodynamic Thermodynamic properties of a relativistic Fermi system trapped in a general external potential Fan Zhaolan(Physics) Directed by Prof．Men Fudian Abstract The relativity Can be said to have infiltrated into the various areas of research and some physical scientists have paid to the relativistic quantum gas，since Einstein proposed the theory of relativity．Although Fermi gas is not like that the Bose gas occur Bose-Einstein condensate phenomenon at low temperature，but in the appropriate external conditions，the degenerate Fermi systems Can be observed in Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer phase transition, and attracting effect each other Can promote the formation of Cooper pairs that the behave like bosons in the vicinity of Fermi level．But now none of the Fermi systematic studies considers the theory of relativity．This paper mainly studies the relativistic effects effect on the thermodynamic properties of Fermi systems． Firstly,we have been grand partition function of the relativistic Fermi system trapped in general external potential，by the quantum statistical approach．Thus the general analytical expressions of the average particle number,internal energy and heat capacity have been derived,and the Fermi energy of a relativistic Fermi gas trapped in a general external potential is given．Secondly,we have studied the thermodynamic properties of the relativistic Fermi system trapped in hard—sphere potential．By quantum statistics and numerical simulation,we obtain the energy and heat capacity curves of the Fermi system trapped in three-dimensional hard—sphere potential．And the energy and heat capacity in the high-and low—temperature approximations are given．Then we studied the thermodynarnlc properties of the relativistic of Fermi systems trapped in harmonic potential．The results showed that：bom the hard—sphere potential and the resonance potential，the internal energy and heat capacity of relativistic Fermi gas are higher compared wim non-relativistic．As the tempera