定语从句的解析及练习（高考习题）.docVIP

定语从句的解析及练习（高考习题） 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词或句子即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。　　关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。　　关系副词有：when, where, why等。第一部分：关系词 I 关系代词引导的定语从句 　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、(宾语)、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that　? 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：　? Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）　? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green.= the cover of which is green.　3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.?农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）?II. 关系副词引导的定语从句 　 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用。例如：There are occasions when （on which） one must yield.　任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born.　北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer（结果）? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？III.判断关系代词与关系副词 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）判断改错：　 （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.　 （对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.　 （对） Ill never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?　??? A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.　??? A. where　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one第二部分：定语从句类型I．限制性和非限制性定语从句 1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：