华南地区红火蚁域和长距离扩散规律研究.docVIP

华南地区红火蚁局域和长距离扩散规律研究 陆永跃，梁广文，曾 玲 （华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心，广州 510642） 摘要：【目的】研究红火蚁入侵中国大陆历史、局域及长距离传播扩散规律问题，为预防和控制该虫提供科学依据。【方法】通过实地调查获得并分析华南地区多个红火蚁入侵事件的主要参数，建立并应用相关模型对红火蚁入侵历史、传播规律进行研究。【结果】对8个典型入侵事件的主要参数研究结果表明，在华南地区红火蚁局域扩散速度一般为110～190 m·a-1。分别建立了疫区面积（Sq）、蚁巢分布面积（Sf）、蚁巢数量（Nm）、中心区蚁巢密度（Dm）等指标和入侵时间之间关系的数学模型，分别是Sq=166384e0.5345T、Sf=28997e0.5784T、Nm=59.966e1.1756T、Dm=6.4533lnT-0.9852。应用以上模型推测红火蚁入侵华南地区已有10年以上历史，其中入侵深圳、广州、吴川时间较早，入侵年份分别为1995年、1995年、1996年，1998～2005年扩展到其它20多个地区。目前，华南地区红火蚁空间分布特征呈明显的“2-2-2”型，即珠江三角洲、惠州、河源和粤西吴川、阳春、高州、电白、茂港两大块区域；东部的新罗、上杭、大埔、西部的岑溪、陆川、北流两小块；南宁、张家界两个空间跳跃点。红火蚁侵入县级区域数量和入侵后时间长度之间关系模型为Y1=2.6094X 1.0368、Y2=4.1923X 0.9699，年传播扩散距离为80 关键词：红火蚁；入侵历史；扩散速度；华南 Study on Expansion Pattern of Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, in South China LU Yong-yue, LIANG Guang-wen, ZENG Ling (Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642) Abstract: 【Objective】Red imported fire ant (RIFA) Solenopsis invicta Buren, a famous dangerous alien species in the world, was found to infest firstly at Wuchuan, Guangdong, China’s mainland in September 28, 2004. It distributed more than 30 counties and infested at 27 000 ha in late 2005. It had already caused serious damages to agriculture, human heath and ecosystems in these areas. Parameters related to the invasion of RIFA were investigated to explore its expansion pattern.【Method】In this study, most of 4 parameters of more than twenty invading cases were collected and analyzed, and the introducing time and expansion pattern of different cases were revealed according to the models that had been built up.【Result】 Models between acreage of quarantine area (Sq), acreage of area occupied by active mounds (Sf), active mounds quantity (Nm), density of active mounds at centre of infestation area (Dm) and duration from introduction time (T) were constructed, respectively, as follows: Sq=166384e0.5345T, Sf=28997e0.5784T, Nm=59.966e1.1756T and Dm=6.4533lnT - 0.9852. Speed of average location expansion of