黄海物理环境对鳀鱼种群动态的影响--基于个体发育的生态动力模型研究-物理海洋专业毕业论文.docxVIP

黄海物理环境对鳀鱼种群动态的影响——基于个体发育的生态动力模型研究 黄海物理环境对鳀鱼种群动态的影响——基于个体发育的生态动力模型研究 VII VII Influence of physical environment to anchovy population dynamics in the Yellow Sea --a study using individual-based ecosystem model Abstract Anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) is a kind of small pelagic fish live in temperate sea, widely distributed in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Before the initiation of a large-scale directed fishery in early 1990s, the anchovy stock in the Yellow Sea was fluctuating around 3 million tons; and was the most abundant fish species in the Yellow Sea. Anchovy is important both as a prey species and as a major plankton feeder, plays a key role in the Yellow Sea ecosystem. It is not only of commercial importance, but also has high ecological value. Since the 1990s, as resources of major commercial fishes declined, anchovy is no longer a subordination object of fishery but become a main object. The output increased obviously, but at the same time, anchovy resources have declined rapidly. The catches become smaller and younger, and CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort, CPUE) declines. In this process, over fishing is a possible reason, but, at the same time, the physical environment such as temperature field and current field also has obvious variation. What role environment viaration plays in this process is still unknown. To study the influence of physical environment to anchovy population is not only helpful to the recovery of anchovy resources, but also to the understanding of anchovy recruitments interannual variation. Individual-Based Model (IBM) has been widely used in the study of marine ecosystems and population dynamics. Unlike the traditional mass-balance model and population model, in IBM model, the individual difference and the spatial heterogeneity are emphasized. This is helpful to the discussion of how the complex hydrological environment of Yellow Sea influences the life history of anchovy. At the same time, hydrological environment im