吉林大学汽车理论第二章章节燃料经济性.pptVIP

2 汽车燃料经济性 Fuel Economy 2.1 汽车燃料经济性评价指标 FE evaluation index 2.2 汽车燃料经济性计算 FE Calculation 2.3 影响汽车燃料经济性因素 Effects of factors on FE 汽车使用经济性 　　汽车使用经济性是一种使用性能,是指汽车为完成单位运输量所支付最少费用的能力。它是评价汽车运输企业经营经济效果的综合性指标。 　　在我国营运汽车的平均运输成本中，汽车运行材料(燃料、润滑油、轮胎、制动液、防冻液、制冷剂等)费所占比率最大(40％以上)。其消耗和节约的研究，对提高汽车使用经济性具有重要作用。 The auto fuel economy in operation The auto fuel economy in operation It is a kind of usage function, means auto for completing the ability of the minimal expenses that pay the unit transport quantity. It is comprehensive index that evaluates the auto transport enterprise to conduct the economic gains. In the average transport cost of the our country operation auto, the auto circulates the ratio that the material fee( fuel fee, lubricant, the tire fee...etc.) have biggest(40% is above). It consume and economical research, have the important function towards raising the auto fuel economy in operation. 在当前和今后相当长的一段时期,汽车燃料仍将以石油产品为主。 例如,西欧工业发达国家交通运输消耗石油产品的34～45％；美国交通运输部门消耗国内石油产品的52％；我国交通运输和邮电通讯业石油产品消耗约占总量的16％,每年消耗的汽油占其总消耗量的36％,柴油约占27％。2000年我国汽车运输用油料缺口约2000万吨,汽车用汽油和柴油缺口分别达25％和60％。 FE evaluation index At current and very long term from now, the auto fuel still will regard the petroleum products as principle. For example, the industry flourishing and national transportation of Western Europe consumes 34-45% of the petroleum product; The American transportation section consumes 52% of the local petroleum product; The petroleum product that the transportation and the post and telecommunication industries of the our country consume about has 16% of its total amount, the gasoline consume annually has 36% of its total depletion quantity, the diesel about has 27%. In 2000 our country auto the transport anticipates the indentation with the oil about 20 million tons, the auto amount to 25% and 60%s respectively with the gasoline and the diesel indentations. 汽车运输油耗占运输成本的20％以上。采用燃油税改代原有养路费征稽，是和国际惯例接轨的重大举措，有利于我国运输车辆总体提高效益，有利于促进汽车技术进步。但与按车型征收规定养路费相比，征收燃油税的办