广东省荔枝产业发展现状与对策分析.docxVIP

中国农学通报 2011,27(03):481-487 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 广东省荔枝产业发展现状与对策分析 叶延琼 1，章家恩 1，吕建秋 2，蒋艳萍 2，李逸勉 1 （1 华南农业大学农学院生态学系，广州 510642；2 华南农业大学科学技术处，广州 510642） 摘 要：广东省荔枝栽种面积约占中国栽种面积的 45%，已成为世界荔枝栽种面积最大、栽培品种较多的 地区。目前，广东荔枝生产已向着产业化方向发展，成为广东种植业的支柱产业之一。广东荔枝生产与 国内主产区的市场竞争力比较，已形成了一个具有竞争优势的产业，具有良好的市场竞争力。笔者概述 了国内外荔枝产业的生产与贸易现状，分析了广东省荔枝的种植区域分布、生产现状以及荔枝科技情况 等，并结合广东省荔枝产业发展现状，提出了广东荔枝产业发展的对策建议。 关键词：荔枝；产业发展；对策 中图分类号：F307.5 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2010-2141 Analysis on the Development Status and Countermeasures of Lychee Industry in Guangdong Province Ye Yanqiong1, Zhang Jia’en1, Lv Jianqiu2, Jiang Yanping2, Li Yimian1 (1Department of Ecology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642; 2Administrative Office of Science and Technology Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642) Abstract: Guangdong is a region of the largest cultivated area and possesses more cultivated species of lychee in the world. And lychee planting area in Guangdong province is about 45% of the total in China. Now, lychee production has moved towards industrialization and has been one of the key branches among agriculture in Guangdong. Compared with the domestic market competitiveness, lychee production in Guangdong has been developed as an industry with advantageous competition and has strong market competitiveness. So, this paper analyzed the status of lychee production and lychee trade in the world, and the situation of lychee distribution, lychee production and technologies for lychee fruits’ fresh-keeping, processing and pests control in Guangdong province. Finally, this paper put forward several countermeasures for lychee development based on the present situation of lychee production in Guangdong province. Key words: lychee; industrial development; countermeasures 0 引言 荔枝（Lychee chinensis）是热带、南亚热带气候区 的特种水果，有“南国佳果”之称。中国是世界最大的 荔枝生产国，商业栽培历史悠久[1-2]。目前，全世界约有 32 个国家种植荔枝，但 80%的荔枝种植面积、80%的荔 枝品种都在中国。广东省拥有优越的南亚热带地理环 境与气候条件、丰富的荔枝种质资源和悠久的栽培历 史，具有发展荔枝