综合框架逆向物流外文文献及翻译.docVIP

北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计（论文）——外文文献原稿和译文 PAGE PAGE 1 外文文献原稿和译文 原 稿 Integrated Framework for Reverse Logistics Abstract: Although reverse logistics has been disregarded for many years, pressures from both environmental awareness and business sustainability have risen. Reverse logistical activities include return, repair and recycle products. Traditionally, since the information transparency of the entire supply chain is restricted, business is difficult to predict, and prepare for these reverse activities. This study presents an agent-based framework to increase the degree of information transparency. The cooperation between sensor and disposal agents helps predict reverse activities, avoid return, speed up repair and prepare for recycling behaviors. Keywords: Reverse Logistics information transparency agent-based system 1 Introduction A complete supply chain concept typically includes forward and reverse logistics. However, reverse logistics has been much less examined than forward logistics. Reverse logistics has recently emerged as crucial issues in both practices and academic studies. Reverse logistics encompasses planning, implementing and controlling the efficient and cost effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin to recapture value or dispose properly . In the European Union, the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) directive, this came into force in August 2005, and the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (Ro HS) directive, which came into force in 2006; requires companies to take responsibility for product that they sell throughout the product entire lifecycle. Reverse logistics has become imperative for business. Many previous studies have attempted to formulate mathematical models of reverse logistics. Among these studies, Min et al. presented a genetic algorithm model to deploy centralized return centers. Klausner and Hendrickson explored the