基于多传感器的前方障碍物的检测系统的设计.docVIP

PAGE I 摘 要 距离参数在大多数不同的场合和自动化控制中经常需要的检测的，过去的历史中，人类以及自然生物都在寻求和研究最好的测量方法，基于传统的方法在很多场合：如带腐蚀性的液体，强磁干扰，有毒气体的恶劣条件下，或是在工业场合，测量距离存在不可克服的缺陷，超声波测距能很好地解决此类的问题，本论文主要对单片机超声波测距系统的原理，单片机的运用等进行了分析；他也介绍了一个单片机STC89S52的超声波测距系统，它包含了超声波发生电路、超声波接收电路、温度补偿电路；对超声波的发生电路，DS18B20温度采集电路，LCD显示电路，硬件制作和软件设计；对系统进行误差分析。通过软硬件进行编程来实现超声波测距的功能，较之传统的测量距离的方法，这个系统有明显的优越性，其设计了温度补偿电路，来消除环境温度对声音的传播速度的影响，不过这个弊端还是显而易见的，根据试验和误差的分析来看，看出它的最大量程是6m，经过多次的试验和误差分析，测量精度被限制在可接受的范围之内，实验表明，该系统测量精度较高，测量数据稳定，所以，值得推广。 关键字：51单片机，超声波测距系统，DS18B20温度补偿，误差分析 Abstract Distance parameter and automatic control in most different occasions often need to test in past history, human and natural biological are seeking, and study the best method of measurement. Based on the traditional way on many occasions, such as corrosive liquid, strong magnetic interference, toxic gas harsh conditions, or in the industrial situation, insurmountable defects of measuring distance, ultrasonic ranging can well solve these problems, this thesis mainly to the principle of the ultrasonic ranging system, the use of single-chip microcomputer and so on are analyzed; It also introduced a single chip microcomputer STC89C52 ultrasonic ranging system, it includes the ultrasonic wave generating circuit, ultrasonic receiving circuit ,temperature compensation circuit; Circuit of ultrasonic happened. Generating circuit of ultrasonic, DS18B20 temperature Mosaic gold circuit, LCD display circuit, the hardware and software design is made, An analysis of the error system. Through hardware and software programming to realize the function of ultrasonic ranging, compared with the traditional method of measuring distance, the system has obvious advantages. It’s design, temperature compensation circuit to eliminate the influence of environment temperature on the propagation velocity of sound, but the shortcomings are obvious, according to the test and error analysis, see that it is the biggest rang 6 m, after many times of trial, the accuracy of measurement are limited in the