翻译理论与实践（1） 英汉翻译基础 （课程号1400141）.pptVIP

Aims of the Course: The translation history of China witnessed some high tides of translation activities, and now a new high tide of translation is gaining momentum in China. Intensive translation study and exercises stress the quality and efficiency of practice and exercises rather than quantity: Extensive category emphasizes your self-training on the basis of a large amount of translation practice, including reading bilingual materials. E. A. Nida: Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. 1. Understand the contextualized meaning of the words, and on a word-by-word basis the phrases, clauses, and sentences in the original (and finally the text as a whole). To obtain an adequate understanding of the original, you should consider, among others, such main factors as: a. Linguistic phenomenon: b. Logical relationship implied in the original c. The implied laudatory / derogatory meaning and tone of the original (4) A tiny little girl of four, Liu Xiaoyuan from Tianjin was able to overwhelm hundreds of millions TV viewers with her singing of a rough male role’s aria from Beijing opera.(laudatory and appreciative) d. The objects or ideas referred to in the original f. Linguistic context and beyond: The importance of context cannot be over-emphasized. Words torn from the context can do great harm. The understanding process should be, as much as possible, an objective one, free from interference from the reader’s personal view of the world and reality. 2. Reproduce the original message, including the original ideas, structure, and style.- literal translation, - free translation, - mixed method. Literal translation may be defined as having the following characteristics: (7) Compare:Today, the widespread agreement is that cloning for reproduction is unsafe and should be banned. Now, the debate has shifted away from the e