大跨度保温型温室的热环境模拟-中国农业气象-中国农业科学院农业.PDFVIP

中国农业气象（Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology ） 2019 年 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.03.002 方慧,张义,伍纲,等.大跨度保温型温室的热环境模拟[J].中国农业气象,2019,40(3):149-158 大跨度保温型温室的热环境模拟∗ 方 慧，张 义，伍 纲，程瑞锋，周 波，杨其长** （中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室，北京 100081 ） 摘要：大跨度保温型温室为拱型钢骨架结构，南北走向，相邻温室间距仅 2m ，相比于传统日光温室土地利 用率提高到 91%，且仍具有日光温室节能的特点。为分析和评价该温室的蓄热保温性能，基于温室热传导、 对流换热、太阳辐射、天空辐射、作物蒸腾、自然通风等热物理过程，构建了温室内热环境变化模型，并利 用 Matlab 软件对其进行求解，模拟在冬季连续 4 个典型工作日无加温条件下，每 10min 的室内空气温度和作 物根区温度，并将模拟值与实测值进行对比分析。结果表明，模型对大跨度温室内空气温度模拟的平均绝对 误差在±1.3 ℃之内，模拟值与实测值间直线方程的决定系数 （R2 ）为 0.99 （n=576 ），回归估计标准误差 （RMSE ） 和相对误差（RE ）分别为 1.6℃和 16.4%；作物根区温度实测值与模拟值的绝对误差在±0.6 ℃之内，直线方程 的 R2 为 0.91 （n=576 ），RMSE 和 RE 分别为 0.76℃和 6.7% 。模型模拟值与实测值较为一致，可为温室环境 精准调控和结构优化设计提供理论依据。 关键词：温室；模型；热环境；作物蒸腾；太阳辐射；传热 Modelling of Thermal Climate in a Large-scale Insulation Solar Greenhouse FANG Hui, ZHANG Yi, WU Gang, CHENG Rui-feng, ZHOU Bo, YANG Qi-chang (Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China) Abstract: Large-scale insulation solar greenhouse, with wide span, steel frame and built in south-north orientation, was a tunnel type greenhouse. The distance between greenhouses was only 2m and the land utilization efficiency can be increased up to 91%, but it still has the characteristics of energy saving compared with traditional solar greenhouse. A greenhouse climate model was developed in order to predict the inside air temperature and root zone temperature to assess the greenhouse insulation and heat storage ability based on the physical processes of heat conduction, heat convection, solar radiation distribution, s